REPORT ON THE HEALTH OF During BY E. W. HOPE, Medical Officer LIVERPOOL 1895. of Health. {Ordered by the Health Committee to be printed, 18//1 June, 1896. LIVERPOOL: J. R. Williams & Co., 8, School Lane. 1896. - . I 1ST D E Z . o Abattoirs PAGE.. 52 and 57 Analysis, Samples taken for . . 66 Anthrax . . . . . . . . 56 Area and Population . . . . . . . . .. 9 and 10 Bakehouses • • 65 Births and Birth Rate • • . . . . . « .. 11 to 13 Canal Boats • . . . . . . • 80 and 81 Cancer • . . , . . . • 45 Cattle, Licences to keep . . 59 ,, Slaughtered in City, Returns of .. . . 52 ,, Smothered or Injured . . 55 Causes of Death . 22 and Tables “C” and “D” Appendix. Cellar Dwellings .. 74 Cellars filled in 74 City Engineer, Returns furnished by . . 106 City Hospitals . . 110 ,, Returns showing results of treatment in 111 to 117 ,, Comparative Mortality of patients treated in Hospital } 119 and patients treated at home Cleansing and Scavenging . 88 to 101 Common Lodging-Houses • • • • • • . • . 75 to 78 Continued Fever . . 29 Court and Alley Examination . . . . . . 72 and 73 Cows, Licences to keep 59 Crematorium 71 Croup • • 36 Dairies, Cowsheds and Milkshops Order.. • • 59 and 60 Deaths of Children .. . 20 ,, and Death Rate • . 14 and 15 ,, in Public Institutions . * . • . . • . 16 ,, in Districts of the City t • • » • • • 17 PAGE / 67, Death Rate of the 36 large Towns ,, ,, during last 30 years Diagram, illustrating Death Rate since 1861 Diarrhoea Diphtheria Diseases of Animals Act Disinfecting Apparatus Disinfection of Houses Disposal of Refuse Factory and Workshops Act Fines and Costs—Amount of in varioi Prosecutions Fish, unwholesome, seized and destroyed Food and Drugs Act.. Glanders and Farcy .. Graves and Graveyards Hospitals Houses taken down .. ,, erected House-to-House Visitation Infantile Mortality .. Infectious Disease, Cases of ,, ., ,, reported and removed to Hospitals, Inquests Insanitary Property Knacker’s Yard Returns .. Localities of Fatal Prevalence of Diarrhoea ,, Prevalence of Typhus Fever ,, ,, Smallpox Map, shewing Density of Population in Districts of City ,, ,, Birth Rate in Districts of City ,, ,, Death Rate in Districts of City ,, ,, Prevalence of Small Pox and Typhus Fever Margarine Act Measles 19 46 See Appendix. 37 and 38 35 51 85 82 98 61 to 63 s Sanitary ) 51, 55, 60, 61, 63, 64, 65, 68, 69, 72, 74 and 82. 1889-1895 54 66 to 68 58 71 110 106 106 72 20 83 109 15 and 22 104 to 106 TO 38 31 27 and 28 Facing 10 „ 12 „ 18 See Appendix. 68 33 Meat, imported ,, unwholsome, seized and destroyed Meteorological Table Milk. Model Lodging-houses Mortuaries Natural Increase of Population Notification of Infectious Diseases Nuisances prejudicial to Health Offensive Trades Overcrowding Patients removed to Hospital Phthisis Population Population and Death Rate of the 36 large Towns Rabies References to and from other Municipal Departments. . Reynolds, Mr. R. S. Returns furnished by Sanitary Administration Scarlatina Scavenging and Cleansing Seamen’s Licensed Lodging-houses Seasonal Mortality Sewer Ventilation Shippon Inspection Shop Hours Act Slaughter-houses Smallpox Smoke Nuisances Staff Employed Sub-let Houses Swine Fever .. ,, Licences to keep Tables, shewing Deaths and Death Rates from Zymotic each of the last three decennial periods Tramps and Small Pox PAGE 52 and 53 54 47 66 and 67 76 86 18 108 69 70 77, 79 and 80 84 43 9 and 10 19 58 71 and 72 88 to 101 .. 50 to 86 32 88 to 101 78 and 79 21 106 60 61 52 and 53 25 to 28, 116 and 117 64 50 and 100 79 58 59 diseases during'* J 40 to 42 25 PAGE Transit of Animals Order .. .. .. .. .. #. 51 Tubercular Diseases.. .. .. .. .. .. .. 43 aiu| 44 Tuberculosis. 55 and 57 Twelfth Presentment of Insanitary Property .. .. .. .. ]06 Typhoid Fever . 29, 30, 111 and 113 Typhus Fever . 29, 30, 31 and 112 Vaccination and Small Pox .. .. .. . .. .. 116 and 117 Whooping Cough .. .. . .. .. . . .. . . ., 34 Women’s Model Lodging-houses .. .. .. .. .. .. , _ 75 Zymotic Diseases .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 23 to 42 APPENDIX. A.—Table of General Mortality. Table of Population, Births and Infectious Sickness. Diagram illustrating Death Rate since 1861. C. —Table of Deaths registered in the former City Area. D. —Table of Deaths registered in the Incorporated Areas. Map shewing prevalence of Smallpox and Typhus Fever. VITAL STATISTICS. GENERAL AND ZYMOTIC DISEASE. Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2017 with funding from Wellcome Library https://archive.org/details/b29737291 AREA AND POPULATION. The extension of the boundaries of the City of Liverpool, which took place on the 9th November, 1895, increased the area under the jurisdiction of the Council of the City of Liverpool, acting as the Urban Sanitary Authority, from 5,210 acres (8 square miles) to 13,236 acres (20J- square miles). The population of the incorporated area at the middle of 1895 is estimated to have been 134,234, and the population of the old City at the same date is estimated to have been 503,967, making a total of 638,291. As regards the old City, the natural increase of the population (see page 18), by the excess in number of births over deaths, renders it very probable that the population is under-estimated. The City of Liverpool, prior to this extension, was shut off from its natural suburban outgrowths, and in this respect it differed from every one of the other thirty-five large towns of the United Kingdom. The suburban districts of cities have a lower rate of sickness and mortality than the older parts of those cities. This fact is due to various agencies, among them being the more comfortable circumstances in life of the inhabitants of the suburbs, the more scattered and sparse population, and the purer atmosphere ; in the older parts of cities the prejudical influences of unwholesome occupations, confinement, density of population, overcrowding, insanitary dwellings, &c., are noticeable, and in the poorer and more squalid localities the mischief is further added to by intemperance and filthy habits of life. These are common to all great cities, and Liverpool furnishes no exception to the rule. The extension of a city and the incorporation within its boundaries of a class of people, a large proportion of whom are of cleanly habits and of comfortable surroundings, will cause an apparent fall in the death-rate of the city taken as a whole. So far as this circumstance is concerned the extension places Liverpool on the same basis as other cities, and the rough comparisons drawn from time to time between it and them will to a certain extent be justified. The population of Greater Liverpool is now to be estimated as equal to 48 persons to the acre. This population is, however, so distributed that there are 97 persons to the acre in the old City, and lfi to the acre in the incorporated area; the distribution to the acre in the various wards is indicated on the map. One of the results of the extension of the City has been a re-arrangement of the geographical boundaries of existing wards, but the registration districts remain the same. As a consequence, the present and the former wards and registration districts do not correspond, and the statistical averages of previous years can no longer be availed of for comparison ; nevertheless, the grouping of the wards in some instances has been such as to leave a fair means for comparison between the former districts and the present re-arranged districts in the old City, but the absence of records of sufficient fulness and accuracy prevent any such method being applied to the incorporated areas. So far as the Health Eeport for the year 1895 is concerned, the period of the year at which incorporation took place rendered the adoption in every case of the new arrangement of Wards into Districts impracticable ; consequently the ward divisions existing prior to extension have been retained, excepting in those cases where new Districts are merely combinations of two or more old Wards, e.g., Yauxhall, St. Laul’s, Exchange, St. Anne’s and Lime Street into Exchange. As regards the larger Wards which have been split up into smaller ones, e.g., Everton, which has been divided into Breckfield Ward, St. Domingo Ward, Everton Ward and Netherfield Ward, no separate returns relating to the sub-divisions can be prepared until the results of the next census furnish a basis for the purpose. Available statistics relating to the added areas are recorded separately. Unless otherwise stated, all references to the City of Liverpool mean the Greater City, as extended in November, 1895. Adverting to death rates, it may be well to point out, that, irrespective of other conditions, the mortality varies widely at different age-periods. LIVERPOOL jy* * ' . *' ' >1 • ,v •• '• » . »H ■Mi w& .f ;’fU $£f .45 .. ■'.>■" 1 - ■:• f - v. + M r vv* .i ® »* , .i 4 r ; ' • *'-N - ... ,.V « ' 31 j/wg|ijjt 131 h H . «. - T a . . •.. ■1 ••»'* ’■ •.'! * vV*i •- ' ’ .it . *' f . ■•' ;i .' •*' i f hi ti - ", • .'«(> Vs S' ■ .4 .. 4. .sHBfir Jaljiirg- sC‘s«i.p- ' '■'V. .. " ■•'. . The following table shows the actual number who died during last year in Liverpool out of every thousand living at each of the twelve age-periods indicated, and the differences which the figures show are very striking:— 1895. Under 1 year. 1 to 2 2 to 5 5 to 10 10 to 20 20 to 30 30 to 40 40 to 50 50 to 60 60 to 70 70 to 80 No. of Deaths .. 4,425 1,682 1,094 477 504 763 1,156 1,411 1,668 1,579 1,104 Rate of Mortal ity V per 1,000 living (_ at ages indi- j cated. J 255 3 111-4 23-8 6 5 3-8 6-8 12-9 21 0 38-4 65-6 116-8 oo Ti U a $ O P-i GO 3 351 208-9 16,215 25-4 If, for example, we could conceive that the whole population of Liverpool consisted of persons between the ages of 20 and 30, the death- rate would be 6*8 per 1,000 ; if, on the other hand, we could conceive that it consisted entirely of people under 1 year of age, the death-rate would be about 255’3 per 1,000, and if above 60 years, 86*2 per 1,000, and this with absolutely no change whatever in the condition of municipal sanitation. The deaths in public institutions of 409 non-residents, equal to a fraction of 0*6 per 1,000 have been eliminated from the table. BIRTHS. The birth-rate in the City of Liverpool is exceptionally high. During the last ten years the mean has been 35*0, which is considerably in excess of most of the 35 great towns. Last year it was 34\5 per 1,000, a figure which was only exceeded in five other towns, viz., Salford, Wolverhampton, Sunderland, Sheffield and Gateshead, where it was 35-9, 35*4, 35*1, 34*9 and 34*6 respectively, the lowest birth-rate recorded being at Huddersfield, where it was 21*7 per 1,000; the rates for the remainder of the 35 large towns ranging between those quoted. During the fifty-two weeks of the year 1895 (terminating on Saturday, December 28tli, 1895), the Returns of the Local Registrars recorded 22,006 births within the City. Total of all Ages. Of the total births 11,148 were males and 10,858 were females, making the total birth-rate of the City equal to 34*5 per 1,000 of the population ; the average of the previous ten years for the former City area being 35*0. I he distribution ot the births in the different wards and districts of the City is indicated upon the accompanying map, and has also been arranged in the following table :— Districts and Wards. 1st Quarter. 2nd Quarter 3rd Quarter 4th Quarter. 1895. Corrected average Rate per 1000 6 13 S oi 13 S fa 6 Is s a> 13 s fa 6 13 g d 13 g 5 fa 6 13 a 0) * 4 cS s fa H M o « 'S during the 10 years 1885-1894. Scotland . 28 4 1 266 291 ) 268 25J O'7/1 t 26" 1 234 2144 t44-8 38-3 Z i Exchange . 176 156 188 166 172 138 1 A 1 183 1325 32-7 29*8 141 Abercromby. 228 214 235 205 239 170 178 1676 32-8 297 Z\JO Everton . 588 581 555 516 515 536 XOO 474 4287 387 367 ozz Kirkdale. 331 310 279 321 307 90 Q 00 4 271 2411 35 6 37-0 Zvo Zv-± West Derbv. 301 415 360 353 Or* r- 367 348 337 OOXO Qg.O 35-7 D/ / ZoOo O O Z The Toxteths (North and South) 533 513 490 477 445 452 416 420 3746 350 34-8 Walton. 202 168 179 172 199 174 l id 1 *7 X 1439 27-5 I /u I/O • • West Derby (Rural). 139j 156 159 142 126 126 140 111 1099 28-5 • • Wavertree . 45 41 49 58 57 59 51 A X A OX ■)^,u 40 Zo O • • Toxteth (Rural). 89 76 87 84 79 71 61 AQ 21-7 oy DID 1 549 7 2 2006; 54-5 35-0 -v A' - •vk MmImt ?ak.n*i»: eoas mi oooi as? av.i« kthis mo a st 10 BTmtmii set vo «*A1 Table showing the Population, Number of Births, and Bate per 1,000 during the last twenty-five years. Year. Population. No. of Births. Rate per 1,000. 1871 494,710 18,305 37-0 1872 499,964 19,343 38*7 1873 505,274 18,716 37*0 1874 510,640 19,861 38*9 1875 516,063 19,869 38-5 1876 521,544 20,426 39*2 1877 527,083 20,333 38-6 1878 532,681 20,612 38*7 1879 538,338 20,844 38-7 1880 544,056 20,783 38*2 1881 551,617 20,762 37*6 1882 548,065 20,498 37*4 1883 544,547 19,907 36*6 1884 541,031 20,071 37*1 1885 537,548 19,464 36-2 1886 534,088 19,559 36-6 1887 530,649 18,414 34*7 1888 527,233 17,777 33-7 1889 523,838 17,676 33*7 1890 520,466 17,592 33*8 1891 517,145 17,832 34*5 1892 513,818 17,758 34*6 1893 510,514 18,328 35-9 1894 507,230 17,893 35-3 1895 638,291 22,006 34*5 DEATHS. The year 1895 was one of exceptional mortality all over the country. This is to be attributed to extreme seasonal conditions, the intense cold of the early part of the year giving rise to a very high mortality, more especially from pulmonary diseases. The cold of the first quarter of the year was not only of longer continuance than usual, but it was also of exceptional severity, the mean temperature falling during several weeks to 12 or more degrees below the average of the preceding 20 years. The summer was dry and hot ; these conditions continuing well on into the third quarter or the year were attended with a heavy infantile mortality, the sufferers being mainly infants of but a few months of age. The infantile mortality from diseases of the bowels is very largely dependent upon domestic conditions, and in the very early age periods it is only to a comparatively insignificant extent that the Sanitary Authority is able to control it. The manner of feeding is of the first importance. Prolonged and careful investigation proves that among infants under three months of age fed artificially, the deaths are 15 times as numerous as they are among an equal number of infants reared by the mother in the natural manner. It has been the practice for several years past to give a wide circulation to printed instructions explaining in the simplest manner the means by which diseases of the bowels in young infants may he best averted. Many of the effects of long-continued dryness and heat can, however, be better combated by a Sanitary Authority than can the effects of cold. Consequent upon the drought of summer and the absence of rains, streets become dirty, filth and refuse tend to accumulate and lodge about the streets, however well they may be swept, and especially is this the case in courts and alleys ; gullies and traps also become dry by evaporation, and sewer gas finds an exit through them, whilst the natural washing of the sewers by the rain is absent. Most of these can be remedied by an adequate use of water, and a free and unstinted use of it for cleaning public and private sanitary conveniences and for thoroughly washing the streets in dry weather is attended with great benefit. Inquests were held on the bodies of 207 infants under 12 months of age who had been suffocated. Inquests were held on the bodies of 110 persons, 62 men and 48 women, whose deaths were directly caused by excessive drinking, and 86 persons, 49 men and 37 women, whose deaths were accelerated by excessive drinking. The total deaths registered in the City amounted to 16,624, of which 8,288 were of males, and 8,336 of females. The death-rate of the City was equal to 25*4 per 1,000. The average in the former City area during the previous ten years was 25*6 per 1,000. The deaths occurred in the following districts :— Districts and Wards. 1st Quarter. 2nd Quarter. 3rd Quarter. 4th Quarter. Annual. Male. Fe male- Male. Female. Male. Female. Male. Female. Deaths. Scotland . 260 278 182 187 266 203 240 220 1836 Exchange. 257 251 172 169 225 173 214 209 1670 Abercromby . 202 223 161 150 151 169 173 152 1381 Everton . 433 462 312 319 377 371 390 395 3059 Kirkdale . 254 251 175 158 214 225 187 193 1657 West Derbv. 274 297 198 210 229 224 256 230 1918 North Toxteth . 206 235 180 167 165 175 160 1/7 1465 South Toxtetli . 163 148 114 127 138 180 146 171 1187 Walton. 107 123 88 79 106 106 103 109 821 West Derby (Rural) . 119 140 65 66 58 80 68 85 681 Wavertree . 40 44 20 29 20 34 28 30 245 Toxteth (Rural). 40 52 26 32 35 46 34 30 295 Workhouses and Hospitals (Residences outside City, &c.). 74 47 71 39 49 28 63 38 409 City . 2429 2551 1764 1732 2033 2014 2062 2039 16624 Deaths in Public Institutions are referred to the Wards from whence the patients came, but the following table shows that the deaths of 3,441 persons occurred in the undermentioned Institutions for the treatment of the sick :— Parish Workhouse Royal Infirmary Children’s Infirmary Lying-in Hospital Consumption Hospital ... Hahnemann Hospital ... Northern Hospital Stanley Hospital Royal Southern Hospital Mill Road Infirmary Hospital for Women City Hospital North Do. South Do. Parkhill ... Do. East, Mill Lane Do. Priory Road Walton Workhouse Belmont Road Workhouse St. Joseph’s Home Toxteth Workhouse Turner Memorial Home St. Augustine’s Home ... Other Public Institutions 1,170 255 116 9 16 24 134 85 210 456 10 55 108 50 7 7 380 32 31 241 6 9 30 From the returns made as to the residences of these persons 3,032 of the deaths in these establishments are classified in the Districts from whence the patients were removed, viz. :—445 under Scotland Ward, 553 under Exchange District, 368 under Abercromby District, 537 under Everton, 235 under Kirkdale, 305 under West Derby, 219 under North Toxteth, 186 under South Toxteth, 68 under Walton, 70 under West Derby (rural), 23 under Wavertree and 23 under Toxteth (rural) ; 278 were non-residents who had sought relief in Liverpool Institutions, and 131, the remainder, were waifs whose previous residences were unknown. In the absence of definite information, these latter have been recorded as deaths of non-residents. The results of this allocation of deaths in public institutions to the districts from whence the patients had been removed, are shown in the following table, from which a calculated rate of mortality per 1,000 per annum of the inhabitants has beeu made. The rates are calculated upon a population increasing or decreasing in the same ratio as between 1881 and 1891. The same applies to the third column of figures showing the corrected average during the preceding ten years. Districts and Wards 1895. Corrected Average Rate per 1,000 ! Deaths. Rate per 1000 during the 10 years 1885—1894. Scotland 1836 38-4 33 9 Exchange .. 1670 41-2 35-8 Abercromby 1381 27*0 24-2 Everton 1 3059 27-6 23 5 Kirkdale ... 1657 24-4 21-9 West Derby 1918 24-3 21-3 North Toxteth 1465 22 2 20 6 j South Toxteth 1187 28-8 25-3 | Walton 821 15-7 1 I West Derby (Rural) 681 177 1 Wavertree .. 245 16-2 Toxteth (Rural) .. 295 | 10-4 City. 16215 25-4 25-6 The death-rate per 1,000 in each of the Districts of the City is indicated upon the appended map. B The following table shows the natural increase or decrease of population, and the number of births and deaths during the year 1895, in the several districts of the City :— Districts and Wards. Births. Deaths. Increase. I Decrease Scotland 2144 1836 308 , , Exchange 1325 1670 345 Abercrumby .. 1676 1381 295 Everton 4287 3059 1228 Kirkdale 2411 1657 754 West Derby . , 2858 1918 940 . Toxtetlis (North and South) 3746 2652 1094 Walton 1439 821 618 West Derby (Rural) 1099 681 418 Wavertree 405 245 160 Toxteth (Rural) 616 i 295 321 City .. 22006 16215 5791 Hospitals (Residences outside City) • 409 Total. . i 22006 I 16624 5382 CITY OF LIVERPOOL »e«». V" The following table, taken from the Registrar-General's Reports, gives the recorded death rate of thirty-six of the large towns of the United Kingdom, and in comparing these, attention must be paid to the last column, which is an index to the extent of rural or suburban area included in the Registration district of each town :— TOWNS. Estimated Population in the middle Births in 52 Weeks, ending 28th Dec., 1895. Deaths in 52 Weeks, ending 28th Dec., 1895. Annual Bate to 1.000 of Population. Population per Acre. jof the year 1895. Births. Deaths. London 4392346 133715 86937 30-5 19 8 58-8 West Ham 249473 8541 4447 34-3 17 9 53 0 Croydon 114923 2896 165S 25 3 145 12-8 Brighton 119604 3057 i 2252 25 6 189 47*3 Portsmouth 174751 4868 3108 27 9 17-8 40 '5 Plymouth 89096 2551 1787 28-7 20-1 57 9 Bristol . . 228139 6579 4109 28-9 18-1 51*1 Cardiff .. 155637 5321 2826 34-3 18-2 25 7 Swansea 97008 3231 1767 33 4 18*3 191 Wolverhampton 85780 3027 2086 35-4 24 4 24 3 Birmingham 496751 16026 10048 32 4 203 39-1 Norwich 107127 3398 2066 31-8 19-3 14-2 Leicester 193839 5954 3333 30-8 17-2 22-6 Nottingham 226658 6718 4299 29-7 19 0 20 7 Derby .. 100272 2909 1670 29 1 16-7 291 Birkenhead 107469 3288 2093 307 195 30-8 Bolton .. 119337 3921 2852 32 9 24-0 50-6 Manchester 524865 17624 13205 33-7 25*2 40’7 Salford . . 208253 7454 5327 35-9 25 6 40-3 Oldham. . . . . . . . 141079 3873 3091 27 5 22-0 29-8 Burnley 99591 3189 2322 32 1 23 4 25-4 Blackburn 127615 3899 3093 30-6 24-3 183 Preston.. 112638 3753 2684 33-4 23 9 27 5 Huddersfield .. 99482 2150 1675 21 *7 16*9 8-4 Halifax. . 93813 2193 1805 23-4 19-3 110 Bradford 226384 5890 4482 261 19-9 21-0 Leeds .. 395546 12479 8083 31-6 20-5 18 3 Sheffield . 34276S 11913 6994 34-9 20-5 17-4 Hull. 216722 7392 4504 34*2 20 -8 26 3 Sunderland 137705 4819 2992 35*1 21-8 48 0 Gateshead 95871 3306 1872 34-6 19-6 30-6 Newcastle-on-Tyne .. 207021 6437 4229 3P2 20-5 38-5 Edinburgh 273535 7398 5660 27-1 20 7 43-9 Glasgow 695876 22797 16300 32-9 23 5 58-8 Dublin .. 349594 10049 9742 28-S 27-9 141 LIVERPOOL .. 638291 22006 16215 345 25-4 48-2 INFANT MORTALITY. The deaths of children below five years of age amounted to 7,233, ami thus comprised 43'5 per cent, of the whole deaths. The deaths of infants below one year of age amounted to 4,441, showing that 20-2 per cent, of the children born within the City during the year, died before attaining the age of twelve months. In spite of the most assiduous care and attention the greatest risks to life from natural causes are at the very early age periods. In every city this is found to be the case, and, if in spite of maternal solicitude the loss of infant life is great, it may be expected to be, and is, very excessive where care and attention are wanting. Thus, in some parts of the City, out of every thousand infants born 129 die before attaining the age of twelve months, whilst in other parts of the City more than double that number die during the same period. In these latter cases but little attention is given by the parents to their offspring at any time, and those acquainted with the habits and customs of this too large section of the community, wonder, not that so many perish, but that so large a number survive. Those who have never had any opportunity to see this section of the community in its own environment of indolence and disorder, have a reflex of the domestic wretchedness in the condition of the ragged or half-naked children, many of tender age, begging in the streets, a spectacle which arrests the attention and excites the wonder of every person who has not been sufficiently long resident in Liverpool to become familiarised with it. The sense of parental responsibility is absent in these cases, and the money which the children procure by begging encourages the propensity to indolence ol the parents. The following table indicates the seasonal mortality, and the incidence, in the various Wards of the City, of Infantile Mortality, and the proportion of deaths under five years to the total deaths :— Districts and Wards. Quarters. Total Deaths. 1 Deaths under i 5 years of age. Per Cent- age of Deaths under 5 years Per Gent- age of Deaths under 1 year March. June. Sept. I Dec. to Total Deaths. to Total Births. Scotland 538 369 469 460 1836 88S 48-3 ! 25-5 Exchange 508 341 398 423 1670 648 38-8 26*9 Abercromby.. 425 311 320 325 1381 440 31 8 16-8 Everton 895 631 748 785 3059 1494 48-8 20-6 Kirkdale 505 333 439 380 1657 792 47*7 20*4 West Derby.. 571 408 453 486 1918 903 47*1 190 North Toxteth 441 347 340 337 1465 602 41*1 South Toxteth 311 241 318 317 1187 630 53-1 | 20-6 Walton 230 167 * 212 212 821 397 48*3 18-0 West Derby (Rural) 259 131 138 | 153 681 203 29-8 12*9 Wavertree .. 84 49 54 58 245 90 36-7 156 Toxteth (Rural) 92 58 81 64 295 114 38*6 13-6 Workhouses & Hospitals (Residences outside City) 121 110 77 101 409 32 7-8 • • City. 4980 3496 4047 4101 16624 7233 43-5 20-2 Deaths in Public Institutions are referred to the Wards from whence the patients came. CAUSES OF DEATH. Die following table gives a classification of the actual causes of death dining the four quarters of the year, grouped under the 17 classes adopted by the Registrar-General, and specifies the number of deaths from each of the principal Zymotic Diseases. 1 ull details as to the causes of death are set forth in tables (C and D) in the Appendix. CLASSES. March. Quae June. TERS. Sept. i Dec. 0 Yeah 1895. 1. Zymotic Diseases.. — 496 426 1210 744 2S76 2. Diseases of Uncertain Seat 170 150 146 149 ! 615 3. Tubercular Diseases 498 469 433 381 ! 1781 4. Diseases of Brain, &c. . . 466 401 397 374 1638 5. ,, of Heart, &c. .. 338 232 203 240 1013 6. ,, of Lungs, &c. .. 1754 835 551 1071 4211 7- ,, of Stomach, &c. 202 218 264 247 931 8. ,, of Kidneys, &c. 148 87 117 106 458 9. Childbirth, Diseases of Uterus, &c. 20 20 17 20 77 10. Rheumatism, Diseases of the Joints, &e. 27 15 15 22 79 11. Diseases of the Skin, Cellular Tissue, &c. . , 21 19 18 16 74 12. Malformations 18 16 10 13 57 13. Premature Birth . . 133 106 88 85 412 14. Atrophy and Debility 211 198 242 217 868 15. Old Age. 149 105 93 128 475 16. Privation, Cold, &c. 17. Causes investigated at Coroner’s Inquests .. 321 197 240 285 1043 Causes not specified 8 2 3 3 16 All Causes .. 4980 3496 4047 4101 16624 Total Zymotics Smallpox Measles.. Scarlatina Whooping Cough Diarrhoea ( Typhus Fever < Typhoid ( Simple Continued, 496 8 56 45 72 40 7 38 1 3 79 26 92 57 5 53 1 1210 2 65 48 118 819 5 49 2 744 19S 50 130 192 7 57 2876 13 398 169 412 1108 24 197 4 The Registrars’ Returns show that there were 25 deaths (24 women and 1 man) at the age of 90 and upwards, viz., 8 females at 90, 1 male at 91 , 5 females at 91, 4 females at 92, 1 female at 93, 4 females at 94, 1 female at 97, and 1 female at 98. ZYMOTICS. This class of diseases occasioned 2,876 deaths during the year 1895, and accounted for 17‘8 per cent, ot the total mortality within the City duiing this period. The death rate from zymotic diseases per 1,000 was T5. It cannot fail to be of interest to note the marked diminution in certain forms of these diseases, notably in those forms of it to which adult life is liable. On pages 40 to 42 will be found tables indicating the deaths and the death rates from various forms of zymotic disease in the City, during each one of the last three decennial periods. Two of them, Smallpox and Typhus Fever, perhaps two of the most formidable diseases with which the Sanitary Authority has to contend have become relatively rare, having slowly given ground, year by year, before the means adopted by the Municipality to suppress them. As regards Scarlet 4 ever, the diminution, though less striking, is still very apparent. The bulk of the patients attacked with this form of disease are children above the age of infancy, and if the diminution is not as great as in the two diseases already mentioned, there is the remarkable fact that the mortality amongst patients treated in the City Hospitals is less than amongst patients left in their homes (see page 119, ve Hospitals). It is quite true that similar measures, had they been applicable, would have caused a similar diminution in the zymotic diseases which are so destructive of infant life, but the natural guardian of the infant is the mother, and the safety of the infant depends in a far greater measure upon the amount of domestic care exercised, than upon the operations which the Municipality can put into force. The extent to which the Sanitary Authority can directly interfere in these cases is relatively very limited, and the diminution in infantile moitality is proportionately less than in the cases where the influence of the Sanitary Authority can be more directly exercised. The two diseases Measles and Whooping Cough may be considered as examples. During the last year these two diseases destroyed almost as many lives as all the other zymotics put togethei, excluding infantile Diarrhoea, the great majority of deaths being those of infants below two years of age, and in the case of Whooping Gough a laige majority being under one year of age. er of these diseases is included under the Notification Act, and 1 is very doubtful whether any advantages would result were they to be included Removal to hospital would, owing to the tender age of the patient, be impracticable, while another difficulty which presents itself in these cases is that the disease is most infectious in its earliest stages. As, a consequence the cases of Measles isolated in hospital are relatively The following table shows the localities and the periods of the fatal prevalence of Zymotic diseases during 1895 :_ districts, WARDS, &c. Deaths from all Causes. ZYMOTICS. Quarters. Scotland Exchange Abercromby. . Ever ton Kirkdale West Derby .. North Toxteth South Toxteth Walton West Derby (Rural) Wavertree . . Toxteth (Rural) Workhouses and Hospitals (Residences outside City) City 1836 1670 1381 3059 1657 1918 1465 1187 821 681 245 295 409 16624 March. 38 27 39 80 70 67 43 41 25 32 8 16 10 June. 40 28 41 83 50 66 39 33 28 8 Sept. 177 103 83 263 160 128 91 91 64 24 9 14 Dec. 91 82 44 169 Per Centage of Zymotic Deaths to Deaths from all Causes. 18- 84 14-37 14-98 19- 45 57 i 20-33 89 18-24 62 61 44 19 10 11 496 426 16-04 19-03 19 61 12-18 1101 15-59 5-62 1210 744 17-30 Deaths in Public Institutions are referred to the Wards from SMALLPOX. In September, 1894, this disease was imported into the South end ol the City by tramps. There was an unusual proportion of unvaccinated persons in that locality at that time, and some delay occurred in securing their vaccination, many of them being of the lowest and most degraded class of the community. The constant visits, however, of the staff of the Health Committee, and the prompt removal of infected persons to hospital at the earliest possible stage of the disease, checked the spread to a very great extent, and prevented its extension to other parts of the City ; nevertheless it lingered on into January and February of 1895. From time to time during the year the disease was again introduced. Stringent measures were taken to prevent its spread, and in no case did any extension follow. The total number of cases of Smallpox reported during the year was 130, of which 13 died, a percentage of 10*0. In the previous year, 229 were reported and 20 died, a percentage of 8*7. * DEATHS FROM SMALLPOX. DISTRICTS AND WARDS. Scotland Vauxhall St. Paul’s and Exchange St. Anne’s and Lime Street .. Castle Street and St. Peter’s Pitt Street and Great George Rodney Street and Abercromby Everton Kirk dale West Derby North Toxteth South Toxteth Walton West Derby (Rural) Wavertree Toxteth (Rural) Hospitals (Residences outside the City) Pity. Quarters. March. V EAR. June. Sept, i Dec. M. V. M. F. M. F. M. F. i M. F. Total. 9 3 1 9 4 | 4 2 11 1 1 1 1 3 2 1 3 3 1 7 ; 6 13 Ages at Death. Under 1 year. 1— 2- 3— 4— 5- 10— 15- 20— co o 1 o 1 50- 60 and upw’ds. All ages. 1 1 • • • • 1 • • • • 2 2 5 1 * 13 * 1 lie condition of the patients as to vaccination is referred to on pages 116 and 117* List of Streets in the City wherein cases of Smallpox occurred during the Year 1895. Street. Cases. Deaths. Street. 1 Cases. 1 Deaths. Albany Road . . 1 i Fisher . . 1 • • Almond 1 • • Cay . . . •1 Beau 1 , Glover . . 2 ■ • Beaufort 3 1 Goodison Hoad 1 • Birkett 1 Gordon. . 2 Boaler 3 • • Gore 3 Buckingham . . 1 • • Grafton 4 • • Brownlow Hill Workhouse (an inmate) 1 • • Grey o .1 Carrington 2 . . Grosvenor Terrace 2 Carpenter’s Row *1 1 llanover 1 •• ! Caryl . ' 3 Hill. 4 1 Copperas Hill.. 1 1 Howe 1 Corn 2 • • Hughson 2 David .. 1 i Lavrock Bank ! 9 w Denbigh Road.. 1 Laxey .. 1 Denton . 1 • • Leven . 2 • • Dryden 4 • • Loxdale 2 • • Elaine .. 1 ! Mann .. 8 1 Emerson 1 i Markham 3 1 Fernie .. *1 1 Mason . . 1 U 1 1 * y loroin cases of Smallpox occurred during the year 1895.—Continued. Street. ; xA * , W * h 2 ◄ Q Q Street. | Cases. Deaths. j Mill . • • • • • • 2 1 1 Rhyl. 1 1 Morton.. n O Rockbrook 1 Neston .. 1 Rosebery 1 Nickleby 1 Ruby ! l Nile 1 Rutter .. | l 1 Nimrod 1 Selborne j 2 1 I Orford .. 2 Shaftesbury 3 Orwell Road . l Soho 1 1 Park Road 1 .. Southbank Road 1 Perry . . 1 Stananought .. 1 1 1 Pembroke 1 1 Tamworth 3 1 .. | Pimhill. . 1 .. Upper Frederick J Pleasant Hill . . 1 . Upper Harrington 1 Ponsonby 1 Upper Warwick 1 •. j Potter .. 1 ; Warren o » * * I i Prince William I Wh alley 2 Price 1 Windsor Road .. 1 1 / Prophet 1 . . Wolfe. 3 1 1 Rankin . 1 *• 1 1 I These cases were reported and enumerated in the Return for 1894, but the deaths occurred in 1895. With three exceptions the whole of the patients were removed to Hospital. Ihe deaths which occurred in Hospital have been transferred to the streets from whence the patients came. DEATHS FROM THE VARIOUS FORMS OF CONTINUED FEVER DURING THE YEAR 1895. -t © O' 43 © 43 S-1 o3 d <y CM © 43 54 eS 43 m ‘lViOJ, >C(NN^HCOCOOC5f-iQOT(tfHHHCOlON CM lO O'! CO *—t r-4 r—I —4 i-C Cl CM •pamiriuoo ojdiiiig CM •pioqd^x CO Cl C) CC 4H CKO (N N O ffl CO c —I ^ Ol cc 4 4 4 co to 05 •snqdifx 1C Cl 1^ CM r— Ol • T-l : <cx rin CM ■m°x Cl : co : ci co co co tH i—i co ci : 4 CD •panni^uof) aidimg •ptoqd^x 05 : Cl ;C5CD0044C04-HroCl i-- lO •snqd^x CO CO *mox qo 00 CM Cl lO r-4 4 Cl CO lO 5j < © 43 f-I c3 1—* & 'd 54 CO •panni^uoQ aplting •pioipWx CM CD H Cl IQ H CO Cl •smpUx •[B^OX panupnoy apTratg Cl r— : CM CO 05 ic co ci co ci ; ci 05 1C •ptoqd^x snqdtx CO tH ; Cl —< co lO Cl Cl CO C l ; CM co 1C Cl ic •l^ox 1C t" Cl CD CD l" ih CO ; CO Cl Cl •panniMUOQ ajdraig co 4 •pioqd^x •snqdXx CC CD Cl If CD — CO • CO Cl oo CO Cl CM XT'* PS -s A 25 4 r/l H O M PS co 43 05 © © 54 blD^e D ^2 d 05 H C"1 O D X -c r~ 'd 05 D 54 G O ^4 05 O 0 05 o 4^ H :3 <, 05 54 r—( 0 a a 43 .-. o g «44 O O D _hd c8 S Cu <3 c£ r—I 4-> o 0 X 02 rv - 0; £h -4-3 -4-3 X X 4-3 0) 0) S-i 44> X 0 44> 0 0 s-< 4-3 X 44) 4-) 4-3 0 0 S- 4-3 X 0 4-3 4^5 : -g* * . ® 05r2r° g 4 j-,^4 -PS m -£ g) _H .05 43 M 43 PC o 43 3 ?4 4J P5 r 4 : rQ © • 54 © 05 54 CO CO © © o o I— ^4 © © ^4; "d Ti’l P3 " 0 ce K~ K. Cu '7t 43> 4-3 • i-H • r—( P- pH 02 02 o o w w O (55 D o HI (S £ H o C- In arranging this Table, all Deaths occurring in Hospitals have been transferred to the Wards from whence the patients came. • ) t) 0 TYPHUS. This disease still lingers in the City in spite of the most careful watching. Its very rarity is in a measure a source of danger since the first cases in an outbreak, usually among children, are obscure in symptoms and often escape recognition by the medical attendant, whose difficulties are increased by the dirty condition of the patient and his surroundings. There were 162 cases found during the year, 24 of which, as the table shows, resulted fatally. Ages at Death. Under 1 year. 1— 1 2— 5- 10— 15— 20— 1 o eo 1 40— 50- 60 & upwards. All Ages. — 2 1 I — 1 1 8 J 8 1 2 24 TYPHOID. Ages at Death. Under 1 year. 1— 2_ 5— 10— 15— 20- 30- 40— 50— 60 & upwards. All Ages. 4 13 oo 24 24 48 ” 31 List of Streets in the City wherein cases of Typhus Fever occurred during the Year 1895. O Streets. Cases. Deaths. * Streets. Cases. Aberdeen Adlington Almond Arley Arnot . . Ash Grove Atwell Baptist Bedford Beacon . Beatrice Birkett Bostock Bond Brisbane Brownlow Hill (Inmates of Workhouse) Burlington Caradoc Clifton Comus Curzon Dalrymple Dryden Eldon .. .. Elias Ensor Eustace Ford. Gildart Terrace ,, Street Gordon Gregson Guest Gurnall 1 1 3 1 1 7 o w 1 2 15 O O 3 3 1 3 4 5 2 1 8 3 1 3 9 1 1 1 1 3 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 Hatherley High Park Hornby Ilford. Kempston Kew Kitchen Limekiln Lane Llanrwst Lowwood Marble .. Naylor Nether field Road North Newsham Pilgrim.. Pickop Pembroke Portland Prince Edwin Rachel Robsart Rosalind Salisbury Shakespeare Sim Slade Soho Square ... Tatlock Telary Trafalgar Titchfield Trowbridge Yescock Whiteford This case was reported occurred in 1895. and eninner ited in the Return for 1894. 1 1 1 1 2 i 1 o Q • > 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 * • 1 1 1 l 1 1 2 1 1 1 5 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 J 1 1 • • 4 1 1 . . 1 1 . . 1 . . *1 1 1 . . 1 but the death Deaths. SCARLATINA. There was a diminution of this disease during the year, and the type continued mild. The number of cases coming under the notice of the Medical Officer amounted to 2,710. There were 169 deaths, making a rate of mortality of 6*2 per cent. Of the 2,710 cases reported, 1,039 were removed to hospital, being a larger proportion of removals to hospital than in the preceding year. In the previous year, 1894, the number of cases reported was 3,963, of which 1,415 were removed to hospital; and the deaths were 232, a percentage of 5'9. DEATHS FROM SCARLATINA. Quarters. DISTRICTS AND WARDS. Scotland Van x hall St. Paul’s and Exchange St. Anne’s and Lime Street Castle Street and St. Peter’s Pitt Street and Great George Rodney Street and Abercromby Everton Kirkdale West Derby North Toxteth. . South Toxteth . Walton .. West Derby (Puiral) Wavertree Toxteth (Rural) Hospitals (Residences outside the City) City. March. June. Sept. 1 Dec. Year. 1 1 M F. M. F. | M. F. M i F. [ M. F. Total. • $ S S 1 1 s l\ 4 \ I [ 2 8 '' 7 15 .. 1 1 3 1 4 ! • • • • 1 1 1 1 1 3 3 • • 1 3 • . 1 1 • • . . 2 4 6 •. • • 1 1 1 2 2 1 • • • • • • 1 1 1 « • 1 2 3 • . 1 1 1 1 2 1 3 4 6 10 • . 2 3 3 2 6 8 4 8 15 21 30 • • 8 1 3 • <7 / 1 2 2 20 4 24 1 5 7 5 4 1 1 1 13 12 25 1 o 1 . • 1 1 1 s 4 11 15 ! • « ll 1 1 2 1 3 1 • • 2 1 • . 2 1 1, 2 • . 5i 4 9 • • 2! .. 1 4 3 4 7 • • 2 1 * • ' * 1 3 3 • • 1 2 • • • • 1 2' 3 “I 1 1 I 1 21 24 15 11 1 27 21 1 19 31 82| CO 1 1 1 169 Ages at Death. Under 1 year. 1 — 2_ 3— 4— 5— 10— 15— 20— 30— 40- 50— All Ages. 12 24 30 28 24 40 5 2 2 2 ’ 169 | A Deaths in Public institutions are referred to the Wards from whence the patients came. 88 MEASLES. The following table shows the periods of the year and the localities in which deaths from Measles occurred, and also the ages at death. . Quarters. Year. DISTRICTS AND WARDS. March. June. Sept. Dec. M. 1 F. 1 1 M. F. M. i F. 1 M. F. M. F. Total, j Scotland o 3 6 5 5 13 13 21 34 Vauxhall 1 2 1 2 5 1 6 St. Paul’s and Exchange 4 ] 2 1 6 9 8 St. Anne’s and Lime Street . . 3 1 16 11 19 12 31 Castle Street and St. Peter’s 1 1 •• 1 1 2 ; Pitt Street and Great George .. . . . 2 4 1 4 1 3 9 12 Rodney Street and Abercromby • • 2 1 2 • • • • 4 4 5 9 Everton 5 3 5 6 9 3 30 34 49 46 95 Kirkdale 16 16 . . 2 1 5 21 23 44 ; West Derby 4 4 3 7 3 3 21 17 31 31 62 North Toxteth 1 • • 8 9 1 5 1 4 11 18 29 South Toxteth.. 2 3 10 5 2 6 3 17 15 32 Walton . . . • 1 • . . • 1 1 6 10 7 12 19 West Derby (Rural) .. • • • • 1 3 1 2 • • .. 2 5 7 Wavertree 3 1 3 1 4 Toxteth (Rural) 1 2 • • 1 3 3 Hospitals (Residences outside the City) . . 1 i 1 1 City.' •• 29 27 38 41 1 33 32 96 i 102 196 202 398 Ages at Death. Under ! 1 year. . 1— 2— 3— 4— 5- 10— 15- 20- 30- 40— 50— All Ages. 68 172 66 38 31 21 1 — 1 — — — 398 Deaths in Public Institutions are referred to the Wards from whence the 84 WHOOPING COUGH. The following table shows the periods of the year and the localities in which deaths from Whooping Cough occurred, and also the ages at death. DISTRICTS AND WARDS. Quarters. March. June. Sept. Dec. M. F. M. M F. M F. Year. M. F. Total. Scotland Yauxhall St. Paul’s and Exchange St. Anne’s and Lime Street Castle Street and St. Peter’s Pitt Street and Great George Rodney Street and Abercromby Everton Kirkdale West Derby .. North Toxteth South Toxteth Walton West Derby (Rural) Wavertree Toxteth (Rural) Hospitals (Residences outside the City) City. 4 10 6 10 30 42 2 2 13 8 4 2 2 3 1 1 4 10 6 8 2 4 47 45 4 1 2 1 12 5 6 7 1 4 1 49 9 11 3 .. II 2 3 1 2| 1 12 5 9 9 7 3 1 69 12 6 4 6 10 1 1 13 2 1 5 1 22 2 2 10 1 5 1 5 14 42 4 7 6 15 2 1 58 72 24 22 16 13 15 4 32 9 4 6 2 5 11 46 21 34 15 24 10 5 1 4 184 228 54 11 6 16 3 10 16 88 45 56 31 37 25 9 412 Ages at Death. Under 1 year. 1 — 2— 3— 4— 5— 8 10- 15- 20— 30- 40— 50 168 127 65 26 17 1 • • • • • • . All Ages. 412 Deaths in Public Institutions are referred to the Wards from whence the DIPHTHERIA. The following table shows the periods of the year and the localities in which deaths from Diphtheria occurred, and also the ages at death. [ Quarters. V1? AT> DISTRICTS AND WARDS. March. June Sept. Dec. 1 M. F. M. F. M. i F- M. F. M. 1 i f. Total. Scotland 1 1 1 ] | 1 2 0 (1 Vauxhall 1 o St. Paul’s and Exchange . . 1 1 1 o St. Anne’s and Lime Street 9 2 Castle Street and St. Peter’s Pitt Street and Gt. George 2 i 0 1 4 5 Rodney Street and Abercromby .. • • 1 1 1 , # 2 l # t 2 4 6 Everton 2 2 1 3 5 1 i 3 9 9 18 Kirkdale .. 2 5 2 1 1 l 2 7 7 14 West Derby .. 1 1 o 3 4 4 2 1 9 9 18 North Toxteth 1 2 . • 1 . • • • 3 5 4 8 12 South Toxteth 1 . . 1 . . • . • • •. * • 2 . . 2 Walton • • 1 • - 3 1 • • 2 1 3 5 S West Derby (Rural) Wavertree .. 1 1 1 2 1 3 Toxteth (Rural) Hospitals (Residences outside the City).. 1 i! • ‘ '1 1 1 | City. 9 11 12 1 13 12 11 14 16 47 51 1 98 Ages at Death. Under 1 year. 1— 2— 3— 4— 5— 10— 15— 20— 1 30— 40— 50— 60— All Ages. 8 22 10 16 8 27 3 2 ■ ' 1 1 • • • • 98 Deaths in Public Institutions are referred to the Wards from whence the CROUP. The following table shows tbe periods of the year and the localities in in which deaths from Croup occurred, and also the ages at death. DISTRICTS AND WARDS. Quarters. Y EAR. March June. Sept. Dec. M. F. M. F. M. I F. M. F. M. F. Total Scotland 1 1 1 o 1 4 1 s 2 10 Vauxliall 1 1 1 1 2 St. Paul’s and Exchange . . « • St. Anne’s and Lime Street 1 1 2 2 Castle Street and St. Peter’s 1 1 1 Pitt Street and Great George 1 1 . . 1 Rodney Street and Abercromby . . 1 1 1 1 2 Everton 4 . • 1 1 2 • » 7 1 8 Kirkdale 1 * . 1 1 1 1 1 . . 4 2 6 West Derby . . 3 1 2 2 5 3 8 North Toxteth 5 1 1 # # 1 7 1 8 South Toxteth o .. • . 1 • • o 1 •. 3 3 G Walton 3 2 4 1 2 • • ' 2 . . 11 3 14 West Derby (Rural) 1 1 2 2 Wavertree 1 * ' 1 1 Toxteth (Rural) 1 1 l Hospitals (Residences outside the City) . City. 22 4 n| 3 8 5 1 14 5 55 17 72 Ages at Death. Under 1 year. i- 2— 3— 4 — 5— 10— 15- 20— 30— 40— 50— All Ages. 8 25 18 8 6 7 • • • 72 Deaths in Public Institutions are referred to the Wards from whence the DIARRHOEA. The following table shows the periods of the year and the localities in which deaths from Diarrhoea occurred, and also the ages at death. Quarters. DISTRICTS AND WARDS. March. June. Sept. Dec. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. Total. Scotland 3 4 1 6 70 61 8 9 82 80 162 j Vauxhall • . 1 9 10 3 4 12 15 27 St. Paul’s and Exchange O 3 10 3 3 6 13 19 St. Anne’s and Lime Street . . 1 O 4m 1 2 22 21 5 2 29 27 56 Castle Street and St. Peter’s 1 1 1 1 2 2 4 Pitt Street and Great George • • 1 1 2 7 13 3 4 11 20 31 Rodney Street and Abercromby 2 2 2 3 13 9 3 6 20 20 40 Everton 4 1 6 5 92 88 20 16 122 110 232 Kirkdale 3 2 5 2 60 61 11 9 79 74 153 West Derby 2 1 4 1 50 33 11 7 67 42 109 North Toxteth 1 • • 2 2 35 25 12 5 50 32 82 South Toxteth.. 4 1 2 5 29 39 10 11 45 56 101 Walton .. . • 1 2 2 16 12 9 4 27 19 46 West Derby (Rural) .. 1 1 • •. • • 6 8 4 1 11 10 21 Wavertree .. 1 • • . • 3 4 2 2 5 hr 7 12 Toxteth (Rural) Hospitals (Residences outside the City) . . 1 1 3 5 2 1 5 6 2 11 2 City.. . 21 19 26 31 419400 107 85 1 ,73 5351108 | AGES AT DEATH. Under 1 year. | 1— 2— I 5— 10- 15 - 20— 30— 40— 50— 60 & upwards. All Ages. 718 255 i 62 17 3 1 4 7 11 30 1108 Deaths in Public Institutions are referred to the wards from whence the List of Streets in the City wherein Three or more Deaths from Diarrhoea occurred during the year 1895. Streets. No. of Deaths. Streets. i No. of Deaths. Adlington 3 Latham 5 Alma.. 3 Ling. 3 Anthony 3 Lundie 3 Argos Road . . 3 Luther 3 Arkwright .. 8 Mann ... 8 Arthur Street, Walton 4 Melbourne .. 3 Aspinall 4 Molyneux Road 3 Athol 4 Mill Road . . 3 Beacon Lane 3 Netlierfield Road North .. 3 Beatrice 4 Newsham 3 Beaufort 6 Orwell Road 3 Bevington Hill 3 Park Road ... 3 1 Bond 3 Paul .. 7 Boundary 3 Penrhyn 4 Braemar 3 Portland 5 Burlington . . 15 Prince Edwin 5 Cavendish . . 3 Prince William 4 Cazneau 3 Richmond Row 4 China 8 Rishton 3 Dorrington .. 3 Robsart 9 Duncan 3 Rockingham 3 Easby Road.. 4 Rose Vale 3 Elias .. 3 Rokeby 4 Ellison 3 Salisbury 5 Field . 3 Scotland Road o O Foley 6 St. Anne 0 Gerard 3 Stanhope 3 Gordon 5 Summer Gardens .. 3 Grafton 6 Tatlock 6 Great Homer 3 Teulon 4 Great Howard 3 Tillard O Harlow 3 Tudor 4 Hill. 4 Victoria Square 3 Hopwood .. .. ., ..[ 6 Upper Frederick .. 6 Hornby 6 Vauxhall Road 3 Howe 5 Warren 3 Knight 3 Whitefield Road 5 Lambert 3 Windsor 3 Lancaster 6 Woodbine ., 3 In arranging the foregoing list of streets, all deaths occurring in Hospitals have been transferred to the streets from whence the patients were removed. OTHER ZYMOTICS. DISTRICTS AND WARDS. Influenza. --I Erysipelas, j Syphilis. i Rheumatic Fever. Puerperal Fever. Other Zymotics. X < ! K fcH M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. Total. Scotland 2 5 2 6 8 6 1 . , 7 4 40 Vauxhall 2 1 2 4 St. Paul s and Exchange .. 1 1 • • 2 1 1 1 I 7 St. Anne’s and Lime Street 2 4 1 1 3 4 • • 1 • • 2 • • 1 19 Castle Street and St. Peter’s 1 2 1 1 • • 5 ! Pitt Street and Great George 5 3 2 1 3 1 1 2 ■ • 18 Rodney Street and Abercromby . 3 4 • • 1 • • 1 1 • • • • 2 • • 1 13 Everton 9 17 4 4 7 6 5 1 • • 3 8 4 68 ‘ Kirkdale 5 4 1 1 1 • • • • 2 • • 3 2 3 22 West Derby .. 3 15 2 • • 4 2 1 1 5 5 2 40 North Toxteth 9 16 • • • • • • 3 3 1 • • 2 3 1 38 South Toxteth 8 5 • • 1 2 3 • • 1 • • 1 3 1 25 Walton 2 6 • • 1 • • • • 1 2 5 10 27 West Derby (Rural) 8 9 • • • • • • 2 • • • • 2 2 • • 23 Wavertree 1 3 2 • • • • 6 Toxteth (Rural) O fj 4 • • 1 • • • 3 1 • • • • 1 2 15 Hospitals (Residences outside the City) . 1 21 I 2 4 1 10 City. 63 98 13 l 13 3! 32 23 8 • • 32 41 26 380 Deaths in Public Institutions are referred to the Wards from whence the in W m hj W in 4—< P o n-H b N3 P <! Ah HH o 125 Ah P ffl EH P O •X HH m % o 05 P m W P P P o 03 p PQ P P O <1 03 P > <1 P <1 P I25 I25 < ciS 3 Xi Hi H o3 J." bl o o t— iO PH REE DECENNIAL PERIODS. Whooping Cough. 0 05 I- -P 469-2 324-8 | Measles. O- 10 -p 05 P 10 tP 434-9 Scarlet Fever. 793-2 O 05 ^P ^P 261-7 C""1 r , n. ' m crj «o 05 . ^ X t- Hp r-H Cl 0 >> «o P H w CPj to1 P X O 0 Oh ryH rn f—H b 05 bl P 00 00 r-H O s oi -3 GO P O fc5 (-H 03 P P m • p • cS • 05 "dH t— 00 05 10 10 tfS CO c- 00 00 00 00 ANNUAL AVERAGE NUMBER OF DEATHS FROM SIX OF THE PRINCIPAL ZYMOTIC DISEASES DURING EACH OF THE LAST THREE DECENNIAL PERIODS. DISTINGUISHING THOSE OF PERSONS ABOVE AND BELOW FIVE YEARS OF AGE. e w Ah Ph a o o o O o z, w An O O S 09 W P xn < w Ah W > Ed W P Ah *< O 02 < § m xn « « vs oo o £ o to CO ©1 o © m VS © VO rH 05 > o b> r-H o P3 T—H co CO H % vs £ JO "3 w 00 r-H 00 to to © o CO 00 05 ■X) h* vs <D > O PS <1 05 CO ©1 ib b1 © o to to VS £ JO CQ co ifS ©1 05 r-H 05 to o CO VS ID i* © x> t- 05 IN. to ib vs o r-H 0) PQ to o to io > o PS ©1 b- o CO co ©1 t- t- 00 ©1 os GO xn P W Below 5. * to H— Ah 5- H Above 5. * * co <N H— VS O £ ©i O0 CO M o ©1 ©1 Ah P ffl VS © >• O o < o do VO r-H 60-7 0-1 05 • • • tH i- GO 05 vo vo ib CO 00 oo 00 00 During these years the ages at death from Typhus were not differentiated, f During the seven years, 1888*94. The following table shows the annual average death rate, per 100,000 of the population, during each of the last three decennial periods, from the undermentioned Zymotic Diseases, and from Phthisis :— Diseases. 1865-1874. 1875-1884. 1885-1894.' Typhus... 131*2 36*9 7*7 Small Pox 56*8 16*1 2-3 Scarlet Fever ... 160*7 81*2 50*5 Mg&sIgs ••• ••• ••• ••• 90*3 82*8 83*9 % j ♦ Whooping Cough 97*0 84*9 62*7 Phthisis (including Tuberculosis) ! 441*6 355*1 313*4 TUBERCULAR DISEASES. This group of diseases includes Phthisis, Scrofula, Tabes Mesenterica, and Hydrocephalus. They occasioned 1,781 deaths in the City of Liverpool during the year 1895. Of late years a considerable amount of attention has been given to the causes of Tubercular Diseases, with the result that there has been a steady diminution in these forms of disease. The year 1895 was, however, owing to the excessive number of deaths from lung diseases, an exception, the deaths from Phthisis rising to 1,305. DEATHS FROM PHTHISIS WARDS. Quarters. Year. March. June. Sept. Dec. M. F- M. F. jM. 1 I I I F. 1 M. F. m. F. Total Scotland 27 18 14 16 17 10 14 10 72 54 126 Vanxhall 4 5 2 2 5 , t 4 3 15 10 25 St. Paul’s and Exchange 9 1 r-r l 7 6 6 4 1 26 15 41 St. Anne’s and Lime Street 25 13 21 9 15 9 14 7 75 38 113 Castle Street and St. Peter’s 1 3 1 . . 1 1 1 1 4 5 9 Pitt Street and Great George 6 7 9 4 6 o Jmd 5 3 26 16 42 Rodney Street and Abercromby 9 10 13 10 9 rr 7 11 6 42 33 75 Everton 32 21 31 19 23 24 25 16 111 80 191 Kirkdale 28 18 15 15 10 19 14 15 67 67 134 West Derby 27 24 23 23 14 18 25 12 89 77 166 North Toxteth 17 14 16 17 15 10 9 8 57 49 106 South Toxteth 14 8 12 8 9 6 7 6 42 28 70 Walton 8 13 h* / 10 5 8 6 9 26 40 66 West Derby (rural) .. 12 9 10 5 5 5 3 6 30 25 55 Wavertree 2 4 1 «T> 2 2 4 3 9 12 21 Toxteth (rural) 1 o 2 4 2 2 4 1 9 9 18 Hospitals (Residences outside the City) 6 6 11 3 8 5I 5 3 30 17 47 City. .1; 228 176j 195! 1 155 152 134 155 110 730 5751 1305 Ages at Death. Under 1 year. 2— 5- 10— 15— 20— 30— 40- 50— 60 and upw’ds. All Ages. 6 13 18 15 35 34 83 311 358 289 111 38 1305 Deaths in Public Institutions are referred to the Wards from whence the DEATHS FROM OTHER TUBERCULAR DISEASES. 1 WARDS. | Scrofula. i Tabes Mesenterica. Hydrocephalus. Year. M. F. M. 1 i F' M. F. m. F. Total. Scotland 5 5 15 — D 8 r 6 28 22 50 Vauxhall • • 1 2 1 2 3 2 5 St. Paul’s and Exchange .. 3 1 1 1 1 5 1 6 St. Anne’s and Lime Street 9 3 1 ' 4 4 6 14 13 27 Castle Street and St. Peter’s Pitt Street and Great George 3 • • • • ! 3 1 • • 4 3 7 ; Rodney Street and Abercromby .. 2 3 4 3 1 7 7 13 20 Everton 17 14 22 9 13 16 52 39 91 Kirkdale 4 7 13 10 11 9 28 26 54 West Derby . . 14 lb lb 14 13 8 43 38 81 North Toxteth 6 ^4 11 • • 3 6 20 10 30 South Toxteth 2 4 6 4 4 12 8 20 Walton 6 3 7 2 5 3 18 8 26 West Derby (Rural) 3 4 3 2 1| hr 7 6 13 Wavertree \ 4 6 i o 1 3 6 11 17 Toxteth (Rural) 1 3 o O 3 3 1 h* / hr 71 14 Hospitals (Residences outside the City) .. 5 7 1 • 1 | 1 6 9 15 City. 84 1 80105 1 1 >7Q < io 7lj 68 260 216 476 Deaths in Public Institutions are referred to the Wards from whence the DEATHS FROM CANCER DURING THE LAST SIX YEARS. 4C> 1895. •sapjumj | 8 g 3 ^ £ 502 s a 2 § * ® °> ° 19 2J ' 05 cc lo CO CO rH • r-H CO f-H ^H r— T^X 8 3 ® £ 32 » »o •S8I £} O • CO to O CC lO <—< • i—i CO 30 1893. 25 20 22 •sgj'euig^ CM CO Oj CO LQ CO CO LO CM t- CO 2 •sopspj CC 30 CC CO o 04 CJ ^ 1 CM ,-1 r-H (M *l«l°X sg §82 s as 303 S3 H CC cc ph lO rH PH <M •1681 WX CO G3 03 CO -H(V1 00 cc 1- cc H 3 c5 c. 346 •S9^0I9^ 2 ^ f°^C0 05 t- CO ^ Ol CO p—| rH rH OI 22 ^ 30 CO tJH ^ C5 »o cc 1890. •m°x to rH IS OJ 03 CC CC COCO GOCCph ^ .2 334 •S9p3UI9J O O L- LO O r-H oi O <M L- CO rH 2 r-H Ol 'S8FI\T CC Tf tn • CC <N -h CO ^H • <N DISEASE. >f Stomach and Bowels Liver . Urinary and Generative Organs Breast . Head and Face .... Tongue, Neck, and Throat . Other parts of the Body. (parts not specified) 'Total. o o a c6 The following table shows the death rate per 1,000 of the population, and the number of deaths from Fever and Diarrhoea during the last thirty years :— Year. Death Rate per 1,000 of Population. 1 Deaths from Diarrhoea. Deaths from Fever. Deaths from Relapsing Fever. 1866 41-7 1,145 1,523 • • • 1867 29-4 796 656 • • • 1868 29*1 1,108 841 1869 28-9 1,001 783 • • • 1870 81*1 1,151 572 355 1871 35*1 1,127 701 207 1872 27*0 998 451 25 1878 25*8 906 335 • • • 1874 31-9 879 449 • * • 1875 27-5 842 490 1876 27-5 694 398 1877 26*4 605 382 1878 29'3 979 375 • • • 1879 26-9 402 248 1880 27-2 1,028 256 • • • 1881 26-7 508 292 1882 *27*0 587 593 1888 *27'7 518 540 • • • Typhus. Typhoid. Continued. 1884 *26-6 841 77 112 16 1885 *25-6 422 71 95 16 • • • 1886 *26-1 781 47 140 11 1887 *26-4 619 52 130 12 1888 *23-1 431 32 125 4 1889 *24-9 575 45 167 1890 *27-5 468 23 99 1 • • c 1891 26*9 330 37 92 2 1892 24*7 415 18 111 2 • • J 1893 27-3 866 44 221 5 • • • 1894 23*8 503 50 248 7 • r # 1895 25-4 1,108 24 197 4 • • • * Calculated on corrected population as per Census Returns of 1891. Mr. Plummer has kindly supplied the following tables LIVERPOOL OBSERVATORY, BID ST ON, BIRKENHEAD. Latitude 53& 24' 5" N. ; Longitude 3° 4' 20" W. Height above the Mean Level of the Sea, 201 feet. Year and Month, 1895 Barometer. Mean. Temperature. Mean. Rainfall. Amount. No. of days on which 0’01 ins. or more rain fell. Mean Monthly Humidity. Complete Saturation equal 100. J anuary. Inches. 29-725 Degrees. 33-2 Inches. 2-898 20 90 February . 30-138 30-1 0-312 4 83 March . 29-678 41-7 2-797 21 87 April. 29-876 47-6 1-782 13 75 May . 30-109 54-7 0-416 8 70 June . 30-078 57-7 0-995 9 79 July . 29-832 59-4 3-808 17 74 August. 29-839 60-4 1-853 16 79 September. 30-115 61-0 1-085 8 75 October. 29-829 45-6 5-443 22 80 November. 29*825 45-4 2-440 15 86 December. 29-740 40-1 2-436 19 84 Differences from the average quantities observed during the LAST 20 YEARS. 1895. Barometer. Temperature. Rainfall. Above Average. Below Average. Above Average. 1 Below Average. Above Average. Below Average. January . Inches. Inches. Degrees. Degrees. Inches. Inches. , . 0-186 60 0 040 February . 0-194 • • 11-1 1 -329 March . , , 0-236 0-5 1 126 April. • • 0-019 6-3 0-182 May. 0-152 2-9 1-472 June. 0-088 # # 0-3 0-996 July. # , 0-084 1-4 0-814 August. # # 0-070 o-i 1-024 September .... 0-176 4-8 2-016 October . 0-034 4-0 1 790 November .. . 0-054 2-2 0-345 December . • • 0-139 0-2 • • 1 • • 0-185 Observations of Velocity of Wind. 1895. Average Hourly Velocity for Month. Maximum Hourly Velocity. Date of Maximum Velocity. Minimum Hourly Velocity. Date of Minimum Velocity. Miles per hr. Miles. Miles. J anuary.. 17 6 50 Jan. 12 1 Jan. 5 February 14-2 40 Feb. 28 1 Feb. 12. 17, 18 March .. 17-1 50 Mar. 24 1 Mar. 11, 17, 20 April .... 14-7 45 April 10 1 April 1. 3, 8, 18, 28 May .... 12-3 42 May 15 1 May 3, 6, 11, 13, 14, &c. June .... 11-6 31 June 11 1 June 1, 4, 7 July .... 16-1 57 July 14 1 July 23 August .. 15-3 39 Aug. 30 1 Aug. 1, 15, 20, 22 September 13-0 46 Sept. 11 1 Sept. 6, 14, 16, 24, 25 October .. 15-4 58 Oct. 3 0 Oct. 17, 26, 29 November 19-0 49 Nov. 6 1 Nov. 4 December 24-0 69 Dec. 6 0 Dec. 20 * ... . f • - . . *» 4 . - , -J «. . . SANITARY ADMINISTRATION. SANITARY ADMINISTRATION. For the purpose of carrying out the requirements of the various Sanitary Acts of Parliament, the following staff is employed :— 'District Inspectors for General Sanitary Purposes Inspectors of Meat 5) y> Fish under the Diseases of Animals Act under the Sale of Food and Drugs Act „ Workshop and Shop Hours Act S mo lv e ... ... ... ... Ambulance and Disinfecting Superintendents of Disinfecting Apparatus ... Inspectors for Common Lodging and Sub-let Houses Canal Boats 55 55 55 >5 55 55 55 Bakehouses 55 55 Notice Servers ... Permanent Clerical Staff . 25 . 4 . 3 . 2 . 1 . 2 . 2 . 9 . 2 . 11 . 1 . 1 . 2 . 16 Officers are selected for these positions whose previous training and occupation have been such as to fit them for the special duties they are called upon to discharge. In the incorporated districts some general assistance was rendered in routine Sanitary Administration by officers belonging to the Surveyor’s Department. These officers now form part of the staff of the City Engineer. Those marked * are required to hold the Certificate of the Sanitary Institute of Great Britain. Those marked f have Marine Engineers’ First-class Certificates. \ Superintendent Ambulance Inspector holds Sanitary Certificate, and also the Certificate of St. John’s Ambulance Association. PROCEEDINGS UNDER THE DISEASES OF ANIMALS ACT, 1894. Number of Visits to Railway Stations, including inspections made on 1895. 1894. Sundays 3,094 5,219 7 7 Inspections of pens 97,569 97,393 7 7 found clean 74,632 74,595 77 ,, dirty and cleansed before being used .. 22,935 22,798 77 Informations for dirty pens used before being cleansed 2 — 77 Inspections of Trucks 30,412 29,906 7 7 found clean 27,487 27,118 77 ,, dirty and cleansed before being used, or leaving the City dirty 2,925 2,788 77 Informations for dirty trucks used before being cleansed .. — — 77 Inspections of Horse Boxes 203 337 77 found clean 128 . ,193 t 7 ,, dirty and cleansed before being used, or leaving the City dirty 75 144 n Informations for dirty horse boxes used before being cleansed — — Number of Inspections of Vessels 8,924 8,626 77 found clean 4,009 3,912 77 ,, dirty and cleansed before being used, or going to Sea without cattle or cargo 4,914 4,710 77 Informations for dirty vessels used before being cleansed .. 1 4 77 Inspections of Gangways 7,244 7,073 7 1 found clean 5,804 5,587 » 7 ,, dirty and cleansed before being used . . 1,440 1,486 7 Informations for not cleansing gangways — — 7 » Informations for not disinfecting scrapings and sweepings.. — — Number of Inspections of Lairage and Sale Yards 3,721 3,398 7 7 found clean 2,718 2,568 7 7 ,, dirty and cleansed before being used .. 1,003 830 7 7 Informations for dirty Lairages used before being cleansed — — 7 7 Informations for landing fittings without consent in writing of the Local Authority 2 4 7 7 ,, ,, landing broken fodder — — 77 ,, ,, carrying newly-sborn sheep on upper deck — — 7 7 ,, ,, not providing pens for animals on vessel.. 1 1 7 7 ,, ,, neglecting to slaughter injured animals .. 2 — 7 7 ,, ,, neglecting to securely tie cattle .. 1 — 77 ,, ,, removing animals witlio it a license 5 — Total Number of Informations 14 9 Fined 11 9 Withdrawn 3 — Amount of Fines and Costs .. £23 4 6 | £52 16 6 RETURNS OF CATTLE KILLED IN THE CITY SLAUGHTER-HOUSES, AND OF MEAT IMPORTED FOR SALE. There is a considerable decrease over the preceding year in the number of cattle slaughtered in the City Slaughter-houses, over 2,000 less being slaughtered than in the preceding year, but there is an increase in the carcases of dead meat imported for sale ; the total being over 1,500 more than in the preceding year. The live cattle are not brought to the market in such large numbers when there is a large importation of carcases ; similarly with regard to sheep there is a decrease of about 62,000 in the number killed in the City, and an increase of about 51,000 in the number of carcases imported for sale. STREET. % Beasts. Sheep. Lambs. Calves. Pigs. Dead Meat Imported for Sale, Beasts. Sheep. Pigs. Calves, Abattoir. 8522 141957 • • 13651 42396 38148 349955 9 399 Back Butler Street. 116 68 64 32 2 Back Castle Street . 693 642 401 364 15 286 20 Back Mount Vernon Green.. 404 3458 828 26 • • Cotter Street. 50 • i , , 7 2628 Corlett Street . 72 1402 420 2 3 • • Darnley Street. . . . • • • • . 2293 Edgeware Street . 154 554 169 4 , . Embledon Street. 266 766 314 . . 8 • • Foley Street. . • • • • . • . Gelling Street .. . 260 618 372 166 Peel Street. 65 733 292 2 71 Bevington Hill. 1334 116 1039 6 67 6 Benledi Street . • « * . , . # # • • Byrom Street . . . • • • • . . 1487 Bolton Street. 297 . . 1044 2 , , # m Back Commutation Row(l).. • . . . 4 (2).. 240 1886 427 . . Copperas Hill . . . . • • « • • • 10854 Finch Place . 524 2248 813 6 . • Frederick Street . 95 438 404 14 102 • • Hodson Street . , , , , t • Lydia Ann Street. 334 3015 354 • • • • • • •• Carried forward . 4904 15944 5906 1664 17469 353 20 < 6 ! RETURNS OF CATTLE KILLED IN THE CITY SLAUGHTER-HOUSES, AND OF MEAT IMPORTED FOR SALE.—Continued. STREET. Beasts. Sheep. Lambs Calves Pigs. Dead Meat imp rted for Sale. Feasts. Sheep. Pigs. Calves. Brought forward . 4904 15944 5906 1664 17469 353 20 6 Norman Street .... 2527 Norfolk Street .. . 2294 813 11 Soho Street . ... 1862 , , Upper Milk Street . •• 6555 Salisbury Road, Walton.. .. 43 o 5 • • West Derby Road, W. Derby 46 133 3 • • * . . ,, Village ,, 2 . . * ’ Town Row ,, 9 42 . * 7 * Prescot Road, Knotty Ash.. 7 42 21 101, High Street, Wavertree i . , 2 *> ,» 3 10 1 9 Sand own Lane ,, 5 54 9 Derby Lane, Old Swan .... , , 61 , . Allerton Road, Toxteth 77 423 2 10 Total in Private Slaughter- houses. 5101 19007 6719 1667 28490 353 20 6 Total in the City. 13623 160964 6719 15318 70886 38501 349975 15 399 PRECEDING YEAR, Total in Private Slaughterhouses . 6188 24992 7061 2761 33120 357 45 4 Total in the former City area . 16340 223443 7061 18769 62877 36915 298647 • • 528 SLAUGHTER-HOUSES. There were two applications for transfer of licences and one application for a new licence during the year, viz.:— Premises. Date 1895. Hodson Street Salisbury Road (Walton) Cherry Lane ,, (New) • * 9 Refused. Granted. Refused. 28th March. 21st November. 28th ,, Other Parts. Markets. Slaughterhouses. UNWHOLESOME MEAT, FISH, &c., SEIZED AND DESTROYED. DATE.—1895. 0> 0, oi <D > Lbs. Lbs. Lbs. "Abattoir 88335 11072 15389 Back Castle Street .. 14916 2084 50 Bevington Hill 31398 2000 198 Bolton Street.. • • . . 50 - Byrom Street.. Copperas Hill Darnley Street Gelling Street Norman Street St. John’s St. Martin’s f Athol Street .. Brunswick Road Back Roe Street Cotter Street.. Currie Street.. Foley Street Frederick Street Gt. Charlotte Street.. ! Gt. George Street . . Gt. Homer Street Lime Street Market Street Mill Street Netherfield Road . Norfolk Street > North Hay market . . Old Hall Street Pitt Street Peel Street Park Road Prescot Street Rose Street .. Scotland Road St. Oswald Street .. Tryon Street Upper Milk Street . . Upper Parliament St. Victoria Street Williamson Square . . William Henry Street Total 20 2511 138 150 50 450 256 50 50 40 30 8410 540 160 i 65 120 G O P o Ph 164 Lbs. 14487 18 420 i 20 35 84 25 147346 15491, 17147 3 O P-t 0 ^ to ZD £ K Head 940 . 1265; . 160 . 490 400 Lbs. .c ZD l-H ID 02 ZD >5 O Bags. 399! 332 107 112 80 769 40 17 147 670 53 27' 40 76 ilO 500 560 8 19S 21 116667 169 18792 21. 0 0 19790 42513914 40 102 500 40 Lbs. 1000 1,320 Bananas 4,950 Apples 157339 102 1000 6270 * Foregoing does not include Fish removed as refuse by Veterinary Superintendent. Equivalent to—Meat Fish Tons. 89 70 Cwts. Qrs. Lbs. 3 4 2 3 22 7 1895. 1894. Number of Visits to Slaughterhouses made by Meat Inspectors .. 10,312 10,925 jj ,, Butchers’ Shops ,, ,, 58,478 53,941 m ,, Fish Shops ,, Fish Inspectors .. 39,165 38,119 ,, Poultry Depots .. 443 428 Informations in respect to Diseased Meat and Fish .. 9 12 ? ? Fined .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . * 8 10 ,, sent to Gaol .. .. .. . — — Amount of Fines and Costs. £47 1 1 | £49 10 9 TUBERCULOSIS. Return shewing the number of carcases seized by Medical Officer of Health and Inspectors, distinguishing the number so condemned in consequence of the animal having suffered from Tuberculosis. 1895. Number of carcases seized during the year by Medical Officer of Health and Inspectors under section 116 of the Public Health Act 902 * Number of such carcases condemned by Justices under section 117 of the Public Health Act .. .. .. .. .. .. • • * 0 Number of carcases so condemned in consequence of the animal having suffered from Tuberculosis .. .. .. .. .. .. 103 SMOTHERED AND INJURED CATTLE. There is a large decrease in the number of smothered and injured cattle. These are mainly cattle imported from Ireland, the cross channel traffic being attended with more injury and damage to the cattle than is sustained by those which have been brought across the Atlantic. Beasts. Sheep. Pigs. Number found good. Number found bad. Weight of Bad in pounds. 31 58 126 173 42 7,809 * The whole were dealt with under a Local Act, which does not require a Justices’ Order. ANTHRAX. On December 2nd, a cow was sent to the Abattoir by Mr. Mawer, Dairy- limn, St. Oswald Street, Old Swan, which upon examination was found to have suffered from Anthrax. The carcase was condemed. On the 23rd of the same mouth, another cow wTas found dead of Anthrax at MaweFs shippon, and on the 25th December a third cow was killed at the same address, also suffering from Anthrax. The carcases were destroyed in the usual way, and the premises dealt with as prescribed by the Orders of the Board of Agriculture. I weive cows and one calf, having been in contact with the infected animals, were also destroyed, and compensation paid in conformity with the requirements of the Order. On the 20th December, 1895, one cow died suddenly at a shippon in Frank Street, aud the carcase was sent to the Abattoir. Upon examination it was found that this cow had died from Anthrax. The carcase was condemned and destroyed. No other case occurred on these premises. No. of Cows in Shippon. Healthy Animals Diseased Animals Locality of Disease. slaughtered by order of Local Authority. slaughtered by order of Local Authority. Died. 16 St. Oswald St., Old Swan. 13 1 2 14 9 10, Frank St., South Toxteth. ■ 1 ... 1 AN T HII AX.—C ontinued. Date 1895. Premises. Weight—lbs. Dee. 2nd 1 Beast died at St. Oswald Street 600 ,, 20th 1 Beast died at Frank Street .. 540 ,, 23 rd 1 Beast died at St. Oswald Street 595 ,, 25th 1 Beast killed at St. Oswald Street. 550 ,, 25th 12 Cows and one calf killed at St. Oswald Street, having been in contact with infected cattle 7,265 9,550 lbs. Or Tons. Cwt. Qt. Lbs. 4 5 12 The whole of the above carcases were removed to Holme Street and destroyed in the manner prescribed by the Board of Agriculture. Veterinary examinations, by request of the Board of Agriculture, of lungs of cattle killed at the Liverpool Abattoirs. Total Number of Lungs affected with Tubercle examined. 1 [ Tuberculous lungs of cows from Liverpool dairies. Tuberculous lungs of cattle from districts outside the City. Carcases of animals having Tuberculous lungs seized and destroyed by Meat Inspectors. I Carcases of animals having I lungs slightly ! affected with Tuberculosis fit for consumption. 202 130 72 43 159 5$ Summary of Veterinary Inspections under the Diseases of Animals Act. Post-Mortem Examinations. Affected. Not Affected. 37 — 37 GLANDERS AND FARCY. Glanders was detected in one horse sent from Tuebrook to the Knackers Yard, Holme Street, and having been duly certified by the Veterinary Superintendent was destroyed as prescribed by law. SWINE FEVER, Eighteen cases of this disease were found at the Abattoir and Slaughterhouses. Four of these animals were found dead, and fourteen others were killed by their owners. All of these animals were imported from Ireland. No. of Outbreaks. Postmortems. Live Animals Examined. Total. In Liverpool Market Healthy. Diseased. — — 5,727 — 5,727 ,, Suburbs .... — — — — — • . I — • — 5,727 — 5,727 RABIES. Throughout the whole of the year—during which the Rabies Order as to the Muzzling of Dogs was enforced—there was not a single case of Rabies reported within the City Boundary. LICENSES FOR CATTLE. During the year 1895, twenty applications were made to the Health Committee for licenses to keep cows on premises not previously licensed. Seventeen of these applications for keeping one hundred and sixty-nine cows were granted. Thirty-five of the shippons previously licensed have been transferred to fresh tenants, and two applications are standing over, pending alterations as to light and ventilation. The thirteen applications standing over from last year have since been granted. There were eight applications made to keep more cows than the number for which the license was originally issued, five of these, for keeping twelve cows, were granted, on certain structural alterations being made. There are at present 325 shippons licensed to keep 4,311 cows. There has been a gradual, but great, improvement during the year, as to light and ventilation in shippons. As old shippons become vacant and applications are made for renewal of the licenses, ventilating windows 2 feet 6 inches by 2 feet, and having a fall of at least 1 foot, or other efficient means of ventilation are required, and also one or more ventilating shafts passing through the roof. Six applications were made during the year to keep pigs in styes separate from, and unconnected with, shippons, two of which were granted for keepiug twenty-eight pigs. The total number of premises or styes now licensed in the city is twenty-eight for keeping one hundred and twenty pigs. DAIRIES, COWSHEDS AND MILKSHOPS ORDER. On application being made for registration of premises for the sale of milk, under the Dairies, Cowsheds and Milkshops Order, the sanitary arrangements are inspected by the District Sanitary Inspector, and in case of any defect being found, a notice is at once sent to the owner to remedy such defect. The premises are then inspected by the Milkshop Inspector, to ascertain that the premises are suitable and that no other business likely to cause contamination of the milk is carried on. After registration the premises are visited from time to time by the Inspectors. The number of such visits are to be found on page 61. Samples of milk for analysis are taken by the Food and Drugs Inspector. The number so taken during the year will be found on page 67. When infectious sickness occurs at a milkshop the premises are specially inspected, and the necessary action taken. In no case was disease in private houses traceable to milkshops. Llie accompanying table shows the number of milkshops on the register, etc. Number of applications for registration during the year ... . 245 Of which transfers were . 129 Number of applications granted . 209 ,, ,, refused . 34 „ " standing over pending alterations. 2 Number on the register at the end of 1894 . 1,236 „ „ „ 1895 . 1,415 SHIPPON INSPECTION. 1895. 1,146 4 2 £1 14 0 | £0 9 6 Number of Inspections of Shippons ,, Informations ,, Fined Amount of Fines and Costs .. 1894. 982 3 1 DAIRIES AND MILK SHOPS. 1895. 1894. Number of Inspections of Dairies and Milk Shops .. 1,892 2,043 ,, found Incorrect .... .. 262 67 ,, of Informations 10 10 ,, Fined .. . . . . 7 7 ,, Acquitted and Withdrawn . . 3 3 Amount of Fines and Costs .. £9 16 6 I i £5 6 6 FACTORY AND WORKSHOPS ACT, 1891, AND SHOP HOURS c ACT, 1893. The Shop Hours Act came into operation in Liverpool on 1st January, J893. During 1895 there have been 3,961 visits paid to shops during the day, and 2,014 visits made after six o’clock; in 5,046 instances the shops were found to be correct, and 929 incorrect. The persons concerned have generally evinced readiness to comply with the requirements of the Act, and have thus lessened the difficulties in administrating the Act. 1895. Number of copies of Shop Hours Act distributed by Inspectors Number of Workshops inspected, 5 ? m j> ,, Workrooms measured Visits to Workshops Workshops found incorrect Number of Informations laid ,, Fined 1,022 protected .. 497 non-protected 42 539 .. 622 .. .. 4,283 • « . • • • 1,820 1 1 14s. 6d. 1894. 550 04 614 721 3,951 1,654 4 3 Amount of Fines and Costs £1 3s. Gd. Basket Makers 7 Marine Stores .. ... 73 Bootmakers ... 60 Mat Makers ... 7 Bottlers ... 75 Mattress and Bed Makers ... ... 35 Box Makers ... ... 25 Metal Polish Makers... 8 Brush Makers... ... 19 Milliners ... 74 Cabinet Makers and Joiners ... 241 Millstone Makers 8 Canned Meats... ... 30 Paper Cutters, &c ... 59 Cap Makers ... 19 Photographers 6 Carvers and Gilders .. ... 25 Pickle and Sauce Manufacturers ... 65 Chain Makers ... 5 Plasterers and Modellers ... 10 Coach Builders ... 48 Plumbers .. 17 Confectioners ... ... 95 Sack and Bag Makers ... 42 Coopers... ... 12 Saddlers 12 Cork Cutters ... ... 20 Scale Makers .. ... 11 Cotton Sorters, &c. ... ... 211 Slipper Makers 6 Curriers 18 Smiths ... 19 Cycle and Bassinette Makers ... 38 Tailors ... ... 1,560 Dress and Mantle Makers ... ... S25 Tarpaulin Makers 5 Drysalters ... 41 Trunk and Portmanteau Makers ... 30 Engravers 11 Umbrella Makers 11 Enamellers ... 17 Underclothing Makers ... 100 Feather Dressers 6 Upholsterers ... 8 French Polishers ... 17 Watchmakers and Jewellers ... 20 Furriers 8 Various... ... 87 Glass Blowers... 5 Total ... 4,283 Knitters 9 THE SANITARY DEFECTS INCLUDE:— 1895. ' 1894 Number of Workrooms, dirty walls 533 551 55 5 5 ,, ceilings . 531 551 5 5 5 5 ,, floors 40 23 5 5 5 5 ,, urinals .. 22 20 5 5 5 5 ,, water-closets .. 67 147 5 5 5 5 ,, lavatories 5 15 5 5 5 5 insufficiently ventilated, arising from structural defects or from want of attention 314 657 5 5 5 5 found overcrowded .. 16 29 ,, Defective Drains and Water-closets; also insufficient water-closet accommodation, and other nuisances .. .. .. .. 629 Notices issued . . .. .. . . .. 654 ,, not complied with .. .. .. .. 3 (These are known to be in progress.) Informations .. . . . . . . . . 17 Fined .. .. • • .. • • • • • • 6 of References to Government Factory Inspector .. 146 Amount of Fines and Costs • • • • 653 532 44 28 8 156 £6 15 6 | £6 11 0 Proceedings under the Sanitary Amendment Smoke Offences. Act of for EXCESSIVE SMOKE. Number of reports of smoke in Town ,, ,, from Steamers in river ,, .. clock Fined, Manufactories ,, Steamers Amount of Fines, Manufactories ,, ,, Steamers.. Total Informations against Manufactories ,, , ,, Steamers in river .. ,, ,, ,, dock .. Acquitted or withdrawn, Town cases Steamer cases Total Total Total Total £426 5 7 263 13 2 £689 18 9 327 186 27 540 298 183 23 504 2 8 10 296 198 494 The following were admonished by the Health Committee in respect to nuisances caused by excessive smoke :— Manufactories .. .. .. . . . . . .. . , .. 29 Steamers in river .. . . .. . . .. . 3 ,, dock . .. . . .. .. .. _ # # 4 Total 36 In addition 21 cases of excessive smoke from Steamers in the river were observed ; in 11 the vessels were bound to foreign ports, and in 10 the owners could not be traced. Complaints received of smoke from defective house flues, and from low chimneys Visits relating thereto 87 272 Chimneys raised in consequence of complaints Flues altered and repaired Attention promised "Referred to other departments Frivolous complaints 25 31 13 O O 15 Total complaints dealt with Cautions for emitting Excessive Smoke. Inspectors gavo Manufacturers ,, ,, Steamers 362 Cautions. 39 401 Total BAKEHOUSES. Number of Bakehouses on Register, 31st December, 1895 . 786 Number of Visits ... . 3 399 Number of Notices issued to cleanse floors, etc. ... ... ... ... 27 Number of Notices issued for dirty walls and ceilings .. ... ... ... 203 In addition, 231 were found dirty, but cleansing was done without Notice. Number of Notices issued for defective ventilation ... ... ... ... ... 49 5 > »> ,, to provide water direct from main ... ... ... 6 >> m to cleanse store cisterns ... ... ... ... ... 4 55 ,, ,, to repair defective drains and traps ... . 88 f 9 m to discontinue using bedrooms opening directly into bakehouses ... ... ... ... ... ... 8 >> ,, ,, to repair defective flagging and tiling. 29 > > ,, ,, to repair defective ceilings ... ... ... . . 40 >> )> »' to remove water-closets out of bakehouses ... ... 3 n ,, to provide water-closet accommodation ... ... 7 it ,5 ,, to remove and cease keeping animals in bakehouses ... 4 ,, ,, to cease using bakehouse as a wash-house ... ... 1 t, ,, ,, to discontinue using unsuitable premises ... ... 1 Number of References to Government Factory Inspector ... ... ... ... 25 All the Notices were complied with except four, for which informations were laid, viz.:_ One for using a bakehouse as a bedroom, the defendant was fined 2s. 6d. and 2s. 6d., and ordered to cease to use the bakehouse as a bedroom: one for not providing water-closet accommodation for the use of those employed in the bakehouse; a fine of 20s. and 4s. 6d. costs was imposed, and an order made for the necessary work to be done in seven days. The order was not complied with, and another information was laid, when the work was done. I11 the case of an information for defective ventilation, the tenant ceased to use the premises as a bakehouse. As a result of an information for using unfit premises as a bakehouse, the tenant was fined 5s, and 4s. 6d., and afterwards left the premises, E Proceedings under the Food and Drugs and Margarine Acts. All samples of food or drugs are taken either by or under the superintendence of Inspectors of the Health Committee. It becomes necessary, however, from time to time to employ women or young lads to go into the shop to ask for the articles, and as soon as the agent receives them, the Inspector enters the shop and completes the formalities which the Act requires. This is rendered necessary as the Inspectors become known in the district. Special attention is paid to milk, a large number of samples of which are taken. SAMPLES TAKEN FOR ANALYSIS. No. of Samples purchased. Description of Samples 1 1 Adulterated. Informations 578 New Milk 52 38 119 Skimmed Milk 21 17 18 Condensed Milk 2 Buttermilk 1 i 43 Butter.. 9 9 18 Lard . 1 • • 29 Margarine 26 25 32 Cheese.. 2 2 21 Coffee . . 8 4 2 French Coffee 1 Chicory # , 3 Sugar . . 5 Mustard 2 1 25 Pepper • ' 6 Cayenne Pepper 26 Ginger.. 1 1 46 Ground Ginger 11 7 1 Ground Nutmeg •• 6 Carraway Seeds .. 7 Pickles 1 Piccalilli ■ 13 Vinegar i i 1 Boast Mutton 2 Egg Food 2 Baking Powder « . 1 Blanc Mange Powder .. ., • . i 8 2 Arrowroot . . .. . . Ground Mace.. i ! i • • 1 Macaroni ! . . 5 Bread .. 2 Bread and Butter i . . j 2 Flour .. * * 2 Oats . 1 3 Oatmeal .. .. ' 1 9 Yeast .. 1 Honey . . 2 Marmalade 11 J am 1 Syrup.j • • SAMPLES TAKEN FOR ANALYSIS—Continued No. of Samples purchased. Description of Samples. - Adulterated. Informations. 13 Sweetmeats 3 Tartaric Acid.. 12 Cream of Tartar i 3 Olive Oil 1 Olives .. 1 Cassia .. 2 Medicine Prescription 1 2 Preserved Pineapple 1 ,, Tomatoes 3 ,, Peas •> 0 2 ,, B**ans .. 1 1 1 ,, Ginger. ,, Walnuts .. 1 ,, Greengages 1 1 Brandy 7 Rum . . 1 4 Irish Whiskey 1 1 4 Scotch Whiskey 2 1 6 Gin .. 1 1 Port Wine 10 Beer , . 2 Stout .. 1 Sherry Wine . . • • Total 1132 147 Adulterated. 108 1035 preceding year. 116 preceding year. 1895. 1894. Number of Informations 108 - rni mini 99 ,, Fined 97 96 Acquitted or Withdrawn . . 11 3 Amount of Fines and Costs £286 15 0 I £235 12 6 SAMPLES OF MILK OBTAINED DURING THE YEAR 1895. Number of Samples purchased on Week-days .. .. .. . . . 450 ,, Informations . . .. .. .. . .. . . , 40 Number of Samples taken at Railway Stations on Week-days . 58 ,, Informations .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. , . j Number of Samples purchased on Sundays .. .. .. .. .. .. 128 ,, Informations . . . . .. .. .. . . .. .. ,. 7 Number of Samples taken at Railway Stations on Sundays .. .. .. 61 ,, Informations ... .. .. .. . . . .. o REFUSING TO SELL SAMPLES FOR ANALYSIS. 1895. 1894. No. of Informations .. ] 1 ,, Fined .. 1 1 Acquitted or Withdrawn — — Amount of Fines and Costs ..£2 4 6| £5 4 6 No. of Informations GIVING FALSE WARRANTY. 1895. 1 ,, Fined . 1 Amount of Fine and Costs £2 4 6 MARGARINE ACT. 1895. 1894. Number of Visits to Shops ... • • • • • . 2,143 1,764 ,, Samples obtained.. . 26 15 ,, „ Analysed * • « • • • - ,, Informations ♦ • • • • • • • 22 14 ,, Fined .. • • 21 13 Amount of Fines and Costs .. • • £24 19 6 1 £11 4 6 T he samples obtained under the Margarine Act are not subjected to analysis when the vendor admits that the sample is Margarine, but in all proceedings taken in respect to Margarine, under the Food and Drugs Act, the sample is of course submitted to analysis in compliance with the requirements of the Sale of Food and Drugs Act. The application of the Sale of Food and Drugs Act to Margarine is of essential importance, inasmuch as any adulterations of Margarine, noxious or otherwise, can be readily dealt with under the Sale of Food and Drugs Act. The amount of fines for offences under the Sale of Food and Drims Act has increased during the past twelve months as compared with the preceding twelve months. It was especially noticed that the common and simple fraud of adulterating milk with water was much less frequently practised in 1895 than 1894, and the samples of milk purchased on Sundays showed a marked improvement. NUISANCES PREJUDICIAL TO HEALTH. The advice and assistance of the Department in reference to conditions prejudicial to health, were sought more frequently during the past year than in any preceding year, the applications made by residents being 7,796, an increase of several hundreds as compared with the year 1894. In many instances complaint was made to the Department only after requests addressed to the persons causing or allowing the nuisance, had been ignored. A great deal of the time of the Inspectors was taken up by these special examinations. The following table shews the character of the proceedings :— 9 9 9 > 9 9 99 Number of Complaints made by Inhabitants ,, Nuisances discovered on above complaints . ,, ,, house to house inspection.. Notices issued.. .. Notes to complainants ,, sent to comply with notices Nuisances re-inspected .. ,, abated on re-inspection Drains repaired Ashpits ,, Closets ,, Water Closet Conversions Spouts fixed and repaired Places from which animals have been removed Offensive Matter removed from premises Stagnant Water ,, ,, Dilapidated Houses Premises supplied with water Chimneys repaired to abate smoke nuisances Cellar Rails repaired Informations laid Fined .. of Magistrates’ Orders Acquitted or Withdrawn .. 1895. 1894. 7,796 6,314 15,720 11,038 51,843 46,902 38,034 36,218 3,311 2,881 4,771 4,644 83,945 74,609 46,830 41,960 18,207 12,626 2,501 2,871 16,937 11,311 168 6 852 835 315 434 722 4,528 1,161 2,004 543 1,366 5,387 5,925 30 44 7 16 1,809 1,154 350 263 729 493 730 398 Amount of Fines and Costs .. .. .. £296 6 1 | £210 9 6 The applications to examine large and important public buildings and offices have not been so numerous as in the last few years, the great bulk of complaints arising in respect to ill-constructed and jerry-built property. I OFFENSIVE TRADES. Number of visits .. 1895. 1894. 650 695 Applications for permission to carry on the following offensive trades were made during the year, and a report by the Medical Officer of Health on each application was submitted to the Health Committee. Premises. Business. Granted. .Refused. Date 1895. No. 25, Cherry Lane . . Fisli Oil and Soft Soap 1 — 17th January. No. 141, Vauxhall Rd. Fish Skin Curing — 1 24th January. Maddox Street and 1 Bevmgton Hill, l Corner of Soap Manufacture — 1 28th February No. 28, Maguire Street Do. — 1 18th March. Benledi Street .. Bone Boiling .. — 1 11th April. No. 79, Naylor Street.. Soap Manufacture 1 — 20th June. No. 141, Vauxhall Rd Do. 1 — 27th June, Nos, 79 and 81, Naylor Street Do. 1 — 5th September No. 28, Vauxhall Road. Do. 1 — 5th September Pumpfields Do. 1 — 21st Sept. No. 12, Rose Hill Bone Boiling . . — 1 ( 26th Sept. 2lst Nov. Greenwich Park,Northeast corner . Manure Manufacture and Horse Slaughtering 1 5th December. Cherry Lane, Walton.. Tallow Melting and Knackers’ Yard — 1 5th December. In the cases in which permission was granted, conditions were imposed requiring that the premises be put in proper order to the satisfaction of the City Engineer and the Medical Officer of Health, that no public nor private nuisance be caused, and that the business be discontinued whenever the Council shall so require. KNACKERS’ YARDS RETURNS. Holme Street Total Horses Destroyed. Horses taken in Dead. Asses Destroyed Cows Destroyed. Mule. 1,189 1,324 46 69 1 1,189 1,324 46 69 1 l MANURE YARDS AND WHARVES. Number of visits . . 1895. 1894. 705 686 GRAVES. Interments in some of the old City Graveyards are still permitted, and much ingenuity is displayed in storing away the dead in the limited space available. It is fortunate that restrictions are placed upon these interments, and that a certain space and depth are requisite before the grave can be used, for the injurious effects of the decay of human bodies in the vicinity of dwellings cannot be doubted. The number of interments requiring supervision by the Sanitary officers is diminishing year by year. This year the attention of the Sanitary officer was required in 49 cases, against 58 in 1894. A Crematorium has been erected in Anfield Cemetery, and the ancient means of disposal of the dead by cremation, which is again finding favour in many important centres of population throughout Europe, may be resorted to here. 1895. 1894. Number of Graves examined and measured .. .. .. . . .. 49 58 ,, of Visits to Cemeteries .. .. .. .. .. .. 21 29 REFERENCES TO OTHER DEPARTMENTS. 1895. 1894. Referred to City Engineer .. 1,958 1,808 ,, Building Surveyor .. 1,375 1,078 ,, Water Engineer .. .. 7,393 5,058 ,, Veterinary Superintendent 1,850 1,468 ,, School Board .. 11,457 12,692 The references to the Water Engineer comprise, mainly, defective fittings, resulting in waste of water • also cases in which the supply was insufficient, owing to various accidental causes. The references to the School Board chiefly relate to school children from infected houses. REFERENCES FROM OTHER DEPARTMENTS. Received from the City Engineer 1895. 12,133 1891. 11,253 y > Veterinary Superintendent . . 5,152 3,850 y y Water Engineer .. • • 4,525 2,941 y y Lodging-house Inspectors • , 9,579 3,005 The references from other Departments mainly comprise insanitary conditions discovered by officers belonging to those Departments, but with which it is not within their province to deal. A laige increase is to be noted over the preceding year, owing to damage done by the severe frost experienced in the early part of the year. HOUSE TO HOUSE VISITATION. 1895. 1894. Number of Inspections of Street Houses 6,341 9,106 „ Street Houses found Clean 5,204 7,878 » >> >> ,, Dirty . 1,1.37 1,228 ,, Apartments in Street Houses Examined 29,963 42,093 ,, Inspections of Court Houses 2,349 3,022 ,, Court Houses found Clean.. 1,642 2,304 »» >> »> ,, Dirty.. 707 718 ,, Apartments in Court Houses Examined.. 7,207 8,963 Total Number of Houses Examined 14,610 19,074 The systematic house-to-house visitation has been retarded during the year from various causes, the chief one being the large number of special visits necessitated in consequence of the frost. COURT AND ALLEY EXAMINATIONS. Number of Visits to Courts and Alleys . ,, Closets found Dirty, but Cleansed by Officer’s Instruction ,, Informations.. » Fined. 1895. 1894. 76,534 78,053 76,458 74,279 76 72 64 64 Amount of Fines and Costs £6 14 6 | £7 9 6 78 Visits to courts and alleys are made with the special object of ensuring the cleanliness of the surface and domestic offices. The aim is to keep the courts and alleys uniformly clean throughout the week, and with this view the district inspectors are instructed that every tenant in each court is in turn to be held responsible for the cleanliness of the court for a period of one week ; the inspector records in his visiting book whose turn it is, and duly informs that tenant. Failing compliance with his requirements, an information is laid under a bye-law of the Local Sanitary Act. The magistrate has rendered great help to the department by imposing a small fine in those cases in which a prosecution became necessary. There is a marked improvement in the condition of the courts, and also in the apparent willingness of the people to cleanse them. The attention of the officer is, however, very necessary, since when the visits are lessened the filty habits of the people soon lead to a recurrence of the dirty conditions. The court and alley work is greatly decreasing in amount, owing to the demolition of W-class property for the extension of business, or to the removal of insanitary property by the Insanitary Property and Artizans’ Dwellings Committee. The number of courts and alleys scheduled for inspection in 1890 was 2,165, in 1894 it had fallen to 1,766, and in 1895 it had further fallen to 1,660. During the Summer months all courts and alleys having covered entrances were specially washed and hosed down by the scavengers. EXAMINATION OF CELLAR DWELLINGS. Number of Street Cellars inspected .. 1895. 4,100 1894. 5,923 ,, ,, ,, found empty 159 283 ,, ,, ,, used for Lumber, &c. 1,517 2,057 „ ,, ,, found illegally occupied 84 177 » ■> » » legally ,, 2,340 3,403 ,, Notices issued to Owners 1G9 315 ,, ,, .. Occupiers 101 120 ,, Informations against Street Cellar Owners .. 3 19 ,, Fined .. 1 15 ,, of Informations against Street Cellar Occupiers.. — 2 ,, Fined .. — 1 ,, of Court Cellars inspected .. 538 1,016 ,, ,, ,, found empty 31 171 ,, ,, ,, used for Lumber, &c. 367 540 ,, ,, ,, illegally occupied 6 19 ». » » legally ,, . 134 286 ,, ,, and Street Cellars found dirty 445 467 ,, Informations against Court Cellar Owners 6 24 ,, Fined .. 4 24 ,, of Informations against Court Cellar Occupiers 1 1 ,, Fined .. — Amount of Fines and Costs ... LI 6 6 | £17 16 0 The total number of cellar dwellings at present upon the register approxi- mates to 9,000. A great many of these are untenanted, and are not likely to be re-occupied as dwellings. The number of cellars filled in by the Health Committee, free of charge to the owners, during the year was 79, and the total filled in during the last ten years was 926. COMMON LODGING-HOUSES. The ('Ommon Lodging-Houses Act provides that any person opening any premises as a Common Lodging-House, or receiving lodgers therein, without making application to the Medical Officer of Health to have such premises registered, is liable to a penalty of 40s. for every such offence. When premises have been approved and registered in accordance with the requirements of the Common Lodging-Houses Act, the following Rules and Instructions, together with suitable and permanent cards indicating the various requirements, are handed to the Keeper, to place in a prominent position in each room. In addition to the requirements mentioned in the instructions, the cleanliness and suitability of the beds and bedding engage the attention of the Inspector. RULES AND INSTRUCTIONS. 1. —No greater number than Lodgers are to be received or accommodated in this house at any one time. 2. —The windows of every sleeping-room in this house are to be opened, and kept open to their full width, from nine to ten o’clock every moruiug, and from two to three o’clock every afternoon (weather permitting), unless in case of sickness in any room requiring the windows to be closed. 3. —The floors of every room in this house shall be well swept every morning before the hour of ten, and shall be well washed during the morning of every Friday. 4. —This house shall be thoroughly cleansed, and the walls and ceiling of every room in this house shall be well and sufficiently limewashed, and the blankets, rugs, and bed-clothes, and covers used in this house, shall be thoroughly cleansed and scoured in the first week of each of the months of April, August, and December. 5. —Upon any person in this house, whether a Lodger or one of the family, being affected with fever or any contagious or infectious disorder, the Keeper shall forthwith give notice thereof to the Medical Officer of Health, at his Office, Municipal Offices, Dale Street, and the Medical Officer will visit the house, and take such proceedings as he shall think proper in compliance with the Act. 6. —If any person in this house shall be affected with fever or any infectious or contagious disorder, the blankets and bed-clothes used by such person shall be thoroughly cleansed and scoured, and the bedding fumigated, immediately after the removal of such person, and where the bedding used consists of shavings or straw, the same shall be burned immediately after such removal. 7. —The Keeper of this house shall provide sufficient accommodation for washing, together with a sufficient supply of water for the use of the Lodgers herein. 8. —The Keeper of this house shall reduce the number of Lodgers, or shall cease to receive and accommodate Lodgers altogether, immediately upon receiving notice to that effect from the Medical Officer of Health. 9-—This ticket shall be placed and kept in such situation in this house as the Medical Officer of Health shall from time to time direct, and shall be produced and delivered to such Officer on demand. N.B.—The Keeper of any Lodging-house defacing or removing this ticket or disobeying the above Rules and Instructions, will be liable to the several penalties in that behalf provided by the Bye-laws for regulating Lodging- houses, a copy whereof may be obtained on application at the Office of the Town Clerk, at the Municipal Offices, Dale Street. By order of the Health Committee. At the end of 1894 there were on the register a total of 723 lodging- houses, and at the end of 1895 the total number was 705, which furnished accommodation for 14,186 lodgers, besides 2,328 members of the keepers’ families. The difference in the number of lodging-houses was occasioned by the removal of 197 old licenses and the addition of 179 new ones. The diminution in the number of common lodging-houses fs qne partly to the falling-off in the emigration trade during the last few years, and partly to the fact that larger houses, commonly referred to as “ model lodging-houses,” with somewhat better accommodation, are being opened, and the business of the smaller ones extinguished. The number of the so-called “ model lodging-houses ” for men only upon the register is 114, and these are registered to accommodate 5,719 lodgers, as well as 225 members of the keepers’ families. There are also 26 registered model lodging-houses for the accommodation of women only. These have room for 663 lodgers, in addition to 36 members of the keepers’ families. The visits to lodging-houses are both by day and by night. The night visits are almost restricted to the lower districts and commoner class of house. The lodging and emigration houses of the better class, especially those provided only with single beds for each person, and with no more beds than are equivalent to the number of lodgers allowed, are only occasionally visited at night, unless special circumstances necessitate a closer supervision. Houses which are not licensed either as lodging or sub-let houses are frequently visited by day when such a course is deemed expedient, in order to ascertain whether any grounds exist for putting these houses on the register. There were 849 visits paid during the year to such houses, and in two of the cases, where suspicion was confirmed, night visits were also paid, and the tenants summoned and fined. Persons harbouring lodgers in unlicensed premises receive a notice to apply to have the rooms measured and licensed. There were 147 such notices issued during the year, but in only two was it necessary to institute a prosecution. The number of day visits paid during the year was 80,027, and the night visits, 614. One hundred and fifty informations were laid against keepers of common lodging-houses during the year for the following offences :— Not sweeping floors ... ... ... ... 51 Not washing floors ... ... ... ... 50 Overcrowding ... ... ... ... ... 31 Receiving lodgers in unlicensed rooms ... 6 Not applying to register .. ... ... 2 Mixing sexes ... ... ... ... ... 8 Not limewashing ... ... ... ... 7 Total ... ... 150 Convictions followed in 143 cases, the total amount of fines amounting to £31 8s. 0d., and ranging from Is. and Is. costs to 10s. and costs. Seven cases were acquitted and one withdrawn. The number of lodging-houses found dirty was 142 ; notices were served to limewash and cleanse. The Bye-law requires that every case of infectious sickness in a lodging-house should be at once reported to the Medical Officer of Health. Twenty-four cases of Fever occurred in lodging-houses ; 19 of the patients were at once sent to hospital, the remaining 5, being members of the keepers’ families, were not removed ; six cases of Smallpox occurred in lodging-houses and were all removed to hospital ; 3 cases of Diphtheria also occurred in lodging-houses, one was removed and two were not removed; one of these latter died. In all cases of Fever or Infectious Disease, the bedding was removed to the disinfecting apparatus and the rooms purified and cleansed. There were 82 deaths from non- contagious diseases in lodging-houses, of which 49 belonged to the keepers’ families and 33 were lodgers. SEAMEN’S LICENSED LODGING HOUSES. The Corporation have made bye-laws, with the sanction of the President of the Board of Trade, for the licensing of Seamen’s Lodging Houses, under the Merchant Shipping (Fishing Boats) Act, 1883, section 48, which enacts that ‘ The Sanitary Authority within whose district any seaport town is situate may, “ with the sanction of the President of the Board of Trade, from time to time, “ make, revoke, alter, and amend bye-laws and regulations relating to Seamen’s “ Lodging Houses in such town, which shall be binding upon all persons and u bodies keeping houses in which seamen are lodged, and the owners thereof, “ and persons employed therein. Such bye-laws and regulations shall, amongst “ other things, provide for the licensing of Seamen’s Lodging Houses, the ‘ inspection of the same, the sanitary conditions of the same, the publication of “ the fact of a house being licensed, the due execution of the bye-laws and regulations, and the non-obstruction of persons engaged in securing such execution, the preventing of persons not duly licensed holding themselves out as keeping or purporting to keep licensed houses, and the exclusion from “ licensed houses of persons of improper character, and sufficient penalties for the breach of such bye-laws and regulations not exceeding in any case the sum of fifty pounds. All offences under such bye-laws and regulations shall be “ deemed to be offences within the Merchant Shipping Acts, 1854 to 1883, and “ be punishable accordingly.”—And on the written application of the keeper of any registered common lodging house or registered lodging house, made in such form and stating such particulars as the Council require, the Council will, if they see fit, grant to such keeper a license authorizing him to designate his registered house a Seamen’s Licensed Lodging House. Applications from the keepers of Registered Common Lodging-houses for licenses authorizing the designation of such Registered Common Lodging-houses as Seamen’s Licensed Lodging-houses, have been very few, only twelve such Licensed Lodging-houses now being on the register, with accommodation for 223 seamen. The bye-laws must necessarily exercise a beneficial effect upon those houses which are licensed as Seamen’s Licensed Lodging-houses, but the great bulk of common lodging-houses to which seamen commonly resort are not regulated under these bye-laws, but are dealt with by regulations under the Common Lodging-houses Act of 1851. The number of licenses granted since the adoption of the Seamen’s Licensed Lodging-house Bye-laws is 22. Ten have been given up and none withdrawn, which leaves 12 at present on the register. It has not been found necessary to institute proceedings under the bye-laws in question. Some years ago the holders of licenses to keep Seamen’s Lodging- houses were authorized by the Board of Trade to board vessels and seek for lodgers, and while this privilege was granted there was an advantage in holding such a license, but that privilege being now withdrawn, it does not appear that there is any advantage to the keeper of a common lodging-house to have his premises registered as a Seamen’s Lodging- house, and hence probably the small number upon the register. SUB-LET HOUSES. These are houses, one or more rooms of which are let off to members of one or more other families. The Bye-laws provide for their registration and inspection to prevent overcrowding and ensure attention to cleanliness and sanitary requirements. The number registered during 1895 was 1,272, making the total on the Register on the 31st December, 19,073. The number of visits paid during the night was 13,745, and during the day 76,123, with the result of finding 1,967 rooms overcrowded. In addition to overcrowding, the cases of permitting males and females not married to occupy the same room comes under the notice of, and are entered in the books of the Inspectors. There were 608 rooms thus indecently occupied. The character of the indecent occupation may be judged of from the following facts:—In 341 instances one man and two women were found in the same bedroom; in 191 instances two men and one woman; in 29 instances two men and two women ; in 20 instances one man and three women; in 13 instances three men and one woman; in 2 instances three men and two women ; in 6 instances two men and three women; in 3 instances one man and four women; in 1 instance four men and one woman; and in 2 instances two men and four women. These cases are most common amongst the poorest and most ignorant inhabitants of the most squalid districts. They appear to be the outcome of ignorance and indifference, and not of immoral intent. Informations were laid against 2,254 chief tenants for breaches of the byelaws, with the following results 1,925 fined Is. and Is. costs; 230 fined Is. 6d. and Is. 6d. costs; 54 fined 2s. and 2s. costs; 17 fined 2s. 6d. and 2s. 6d. costs; 11 fined 5s. and 4s. 6d. costs; 3 fined 10s. and 4s. 6d. costs ; 1 fined 20s. and 4s 6d. costs ; and 1 fined 40s. and 4s. 6d. costs ; making a total of fines levied during the year of £251 18s. Od. Of the remaining 12 cases, 6 informations were withdrawn and 6 acquitted, the tenants having complied with the bye-laws. CANAL BOATS. The number of inspections of Canal Boats during the year was 5,178, and the condition of the boats and their occupants as regards matters dealt with in the Acts and Regulations is indicated by the following information :— Forty-eight boats, not registered by their present owners, were found to be used as dwellings. In 11 of these cases written notices were sent to the owners, and in 37, verbal notices were given to masters. In 44 cases the boats were registered in compliance with the notices, and in 2 the registration was not completed on December 31st, 1 had ceased to he used as a dwelling, and 1 has not been seen since. Thirty-four boats were found without certificates on board. Notices were sent to the owners in each case, and 33 were found abated, and 1 has not been seen since. Twenty-five were found not having the registered number painted on both sides of the boat. Notices were sent to the owners in each case, and the omission rectified in 23 cases. Two notices have not yet expured. In 176 cases cabins used as dwellings were found in a dilapidated and insanitary state, caused by leaky decks (116), general leaky condition of boats (30), no doors to lockers (3), broken scuttle covers (1), defective ventilation (10), and broken floors (7). In every case notices were sent to the owners. 170 were complied with, and the remaining 6 had not been re-inspected, having left the canal. In 34 cases defective second bulkheads were reported. Notices were sent in each case, and the defects have been found remedied in 32 cases, and 2 of the boats have not been seen since. In 63 boats the cabins required painting. Notices were sent to owners in each case, 58 of them have been attended to, and 5 of the boats have not yet been seen again by the Inspector. Dirty cabins were reported in 13 cases. Six verbal notices given to masters, and 7 written notices sent to the owners. In all cases the requisite cleaning was done. Informations were laid in 5 cases, for infringements of the Acts and Regulations, viz. :—causing unregistered boat to be used, 1 ; nonseparation of sexes, 2 ; carrying offensive cargo, and not having a second bulkhead, 1 ; overcrowding, 1. In all of the cases fines were inflicted, varying from Is. and Is. costs, to 10s. and 4s. 6d. costs, and amounting to a total of £2 10s. 6d. Only one case of infectious sickness, namely, Scarlet Fever, occurred on boats during the year. The patient was removed to hospital, the boat disinfected, and notice served on the owner to cleanse. Thirty-three notices were sent to the School Board, of children living- on canal boats and not attending any school. The number of boats on the register is 629, of which 281 have been re-registered, viz. :—5 in 1884, 60 in 1885, 21 in 1886, 25 in 1887, 20 in 1888, 24 in 1889, 23 in 1890, 23 in 1891, 16 in 1892, 19 in 1893, 26 in 1894, and 19 in 1895. A considerable number of boats remain on the register, although they have not been seen within the district for a considerable time, and it is probable that some of them have been broken up, whilst others are not likely to return, or their names may have been changed, and the boats registered at other places. Nevertheless, in the absence of means of making corrections, the boats remain upon the register. During the year, 25 new boats were registered, and 19 re-registered, on account of changes of owners. All boats re-registered in consequence of a change of owners, or the name of the boat being changed, retain their numbers, instead of being allotted new numbers, as heretofore. New certificates were issued to 2 boats, owing to structural alterations. There were 42 changes of masters reported, and the fact duly recorded —- c on the register. F INFECTED AND DIRTY HOUSES. 55 Number of Infected Street Houses Inspected >> ,, Court ,, ,, . >> ,, Cellars ,, . ,, ,, and Dirty Houses and Cellars Re-inspected Notices to Owners to Cleanse Infected Houses ,, ,, ,, Dirty Houses ,, Occupiers to Whitewash Dirty Houses .. ,, Owners to Whitewash Exterior of Courts Informations Fined . Acquitted and Withdrawn Amount of Fines and Costs 1895. 1894. 8,137 4,440 258 365 64 108 6,062 6,946 3,755 5,066 1,665 1,537 165 190 1,342 1,305 149 143 58 45 91 98 £46 11 0 1 £35 3 0 There is a decrease of 1,400 compared with the preceding year in the number of infected houses. DISINFECTION OF HOUSES. In all cases of infectious disease the houses were disinfected by a trained staff, free of cost, with sulphurous gas; but whenever there was sickness in any room of the house, so as to endanger health by the use of sulphurous gas, disinfectants were given to the tenants for use in the sick room until the sulphurous gas could be used safely. No house is considered properly disinfected until sulphurous gas has been used. The existence of sickness, and the consequent employment of carbolic acid powder, necessitate many visits by the persons in charge of disinfection. There were in all 8,608 visits paid during the year to houses for the purpose of disinfection, the number of houses properly disinfected being 3,828. For the removal of the patients to hospital, and for the removal of infected bedding, and its return after disinfection, an adequate ambulance staff is maintained. Four ambulance carriages are in use for the different forms of infectious disease. Bedding and clothing after disinfection are taken home by a staff and conveyance entirely distinct from that which removed them in the infected state. Fever. <u 1 ] Year—1895. Typhus. Typhoid. -! Simple. -1 Relapsing. I Small Pox. Scarlatina. Measles. CD -4-3 ft s Membranous Croup. 1 CD ft r—> j § j Oh 1 Erysipelas. Total. January .. 36 94 7 .. 66 i 261 131 i 16 9 6 108 ] 734 February 13 64 5 19 249 113 1 23 12 8 92 598 March 7 62 3 7 224 31 20 4 6 106 470 April 5 94 9 • • 10 167 198 8 3 8 85 587 May.. 5 186 6 1 10 198 362 12 2 2 76 860 June 10 101 3 8 192 503 31 7 . 6 97 958 July.. .. 14 99 9 2 171 259 23 3 4 67 651 August .. 7 104 5 2 234 103 15 5 4 94 573 September 6 136 4 1 1 245 S6 18 5 5 62 569 j October .. 25 145 n i • • 3 258 362 31 3 3 77 914 j November 18 ; 153 ! 8 • • 2 302 777 31 11 2 116 1,420 December 16 68 | 2 • • • • 209 537 35 13 7 91 978 Total .. 162 1,306 . 68 1 2 130 2,710 3,462 263 77 61 1,071 9,312 [ Removed to Hospital 158 662 16 127 1,039 93 69 8 4 189 l i 2,365 The number of patients removed to hospital includes those taken to General Hospitals as well as those taken to the City Hospitals. Patients were removed, by Officers of the Ambulance Staff to tbe undermentioned Hospitals :— Netherfield Road. Grafton Street. Park Hill. Brownlow Hill. Mill Lane. Priory Road. 550 850 398 26 93 93 In accordance with the arrangements made with the School Board, 4,337 postcards were sent to the Head Masters of the various schools, informing them that children from infected houses attended their schools. Similar information was sent to the School Board. All cases of Smallpox and all cases of Typhus Fever, with very rare exceptions, are removed to Hospital, and a special Inspector is appointed to visit the house from which the patient has been removed, to ascertain whether any further sickness has developed. These inquiries are made at intervals of a day or two for one month, and any case of sickness, however trifling it may appear to be, is at once reported to, and visited by, the Medical Officer. By these inquiries many cases of infectious sickness are discovered and removed to the hospital at the earliest possible stage of the disease, and often before any serious risk of infection has arisen. Without these inquiries, which have occasioned no inconvenience to anyone, the patients would have remained at home for a longer or shorter period, constituting centres of infection to the neighbourhood. The relatively large proportion of the cases of Smallpox discovered in this manner, is ample evidence of the value of the system, and the absence of friction sufficiently indicates the care exercised by the Inspectors in carrying it out. On January 23rd, Catharine Coyle was fined 40s. and costs for failing to notify the Medical Officer of Health of the existence of a case of Smallpox. On February 6th, Sarah Ann Allan was summoned for a similar offence, and was ordered to pay costs. On December 11th, J. Frederick York was fined £5 and costs for transmitting infected bedding from No. 20, Alderson Road, to No. 10, High Street, Waver tree. THE DISINFECTING APPARATUS. The number of articles disinfected at the various Apparatus during the year amounted to 60,558. Date. 1895. Number of Beds. Number of Mattresses. Number of Pieces of Bedding. Number of Pieces of Wearing Apparel. &c. Total Number of Articles. January 555 486 3,593 1,211 5,845 February 4(31 380 3,214 930 4.985 March 586 509 4,430 1,657 7,182 April 338 276 2,525 1,827 4,966 May 387 268 2,867 1,776 5,298 June 525 395 3,790 814 J uly 266 236 1,873 863 3,238 August 394 205 2,321 1,(534 4.554 September 301 280 2,390 784 /Ot) October 348 351 2,327 889 3,915 November 511 408 3,841 2,264 7,024 December 349 296 2,321 1,306 4,272 [ Totals .. 5,021 4,090 35,492 15,955 GO 558 The number of articles destroyed at the various Apparatus during the year amounted to 1,928, compensation being paid in conformity with the provisions of the Public Health Act. Date. 1895. Number of Beds. Number of Mattresses. i Number of Pieces of Bedding. Number of Pieces of Wearing Apparel, <bc. Total Number of Articles. January 52 69 162 28S 571 February 16 39 45 75 175 March 15 30 43 29 117 April 15 25 43 40 123 May 27 36 55 31 149 June 19 34 44 76 173 July 13 26 30 39 108 August 8 39 16 2 65 September 9 20 20 17 66 October 19 47 40 29 135 November 15 38 38 19 110 December 20 26 42 48 136 1 Totals .. 22S 429 578 693 1,928 1 The collection, removal, disinfection and return of infected bedding has been carried on as hitherto by the Sanitary officers. A considerable number of articles have been disinfected at the apparatus at the City Hospitals in addition to those mentioned above. It has been found that in many instances in which compensation for clothing had been given in money to the poorer classes of people, that the money was spent m drink, and the people left without clothing. As a consequence of this, an arrangement was made with a firm of repute, to supply articles equivalent in value to those which had been destroyed, thus preventing an improper use of the money. PRINCE’S DOCK MORTUARY. I he Mortuary at the Prince’s Dock is for the reception of the bodies of persons who have been drowned, killed, &c., and over which the Coroner has to hold inquests. Bodies are taken there* by the police, and when it may be necessary to make post-mortem examinations, any medical gentleman may have the assistance of an Inspector on sending a communication to 54, Gascoyne Street. BODIES REMOVED TO THE PRINCE’S DOCK MORTUARY. Number from River. Number from City. 11 152 REMOVALS TO MORTUARIES ON MEDICAL CERTIFICATES OB ON MAGISTRATES’ ORDERS. Bodies Removed to Mortuaries. Smithdown Road. St. Martin’s. Mill Road. Anfield. Belmont Road. Park Hill. Netlierfield Road. 3 4 • • - 1 The removals to St. Martin’s Mortuary have been very few. This place and the Caretaker s residence require reconstructing. CLEANSING AND SCAVENGING CLEANSING AND SCAVENGING. As in preceding years, it was deemed advisable during the summer months to cause all courts and alleys with covered entrances to be washed by means of hose pipes, and the cleanliness ensured by this proceeding was attended with much benefit. An extension of the practice, not only to courts and alleys, but to the surface of certain streets in the lower districts of the City, or where there is much traffic, would be a great sanitary advantage. A constant and unstinted supply of water to public conveniences in populous districts is very desirable. At present, in most places of this description, whether public or under private control, recourse is commonly had to smelling substances, such as carbolic acid, soap, camphor, etc., with a view to disguise the smells arising from the decomposition of urine. The proper course to pursue in regard to all such places is to use an abundant flush of water, and there would then be little, if any, need for the employment of the materials referred to. Mr. Richard S. Reynolds, M.R.C.V.S., Veterinary Superintendent, has kindly supplied the following tables indicating the work done by the staff under his control. As the operations ol the department were expanded to include the added areas from the 9th November, the figures appearing in the tables include the products of the extended City from that date. No. W A PQ < Eh cd A — A CO < W o o w o co •~\ s <3 4) j-s of 43 0) r* +3 CD > G o o (D +3 o fee a c3 -C CJ X w CD 4-3 o o £JD 3 5 +3 o *- C+H 20 D GO £h HH cu ffi GO «3 Pd o Q CO £ H G Q >H H a. *rH PP a O Vi Eh W O —i & Li O g s 9 • 4ft> rH a? o CD 4_> • D D O X c$ cc bC a> +3 <D O £ o ■ft i—• 68 D *43 02 D «w O *15 o r* S 43 4) 5 o n 9 -4 D D D —H 4-3 02 M .2 4^3 «3 D Q o? 02 02 D £ >3 D D D D D D A O • i—i 4-3 ct D D D £ s>« .= • tun’s c £|2;g > C «- .5 -r1 ° °5? ^ o i^i .M o t'C at eS ft O rT L . 12 <M ft *4 02 -rt -*3 bfi lag CO 4H TT. cS c ◄ u . « . «J ft •c c.2f s! c«ft O a < C-l 01 Sfci cS 44 C/2 cc A O £ 42 be o3 s > c$ be 02 42 Vt ~ C tu lO cc A o 1^ cc c$ A -C D A 42 • 'C c §g X l- 02 42 *02 ◄ 02 44 tt) 2 (4-1 o 02 3 O t-3 T5 42 44 • p4 02 o & c ft 4> — V .5 "S o io rtc -C T3 C eS 02 W5 CD > O S o Ph — 42 g £ Total. 1 5,270 o 03 L>% 42 rA Ol Vi •< o S3 ,a) a; r-p- -o 0'S •o ««d & ft S ^ ft no 05 42 <12 .2 > 44 o ® c _ o 4> ft o o co •x CC ft> ft CO tS to cS CO be a ^3 ft O £ '3 ft ® bo sj h ® > < co ® ◄ Q ■a 5« O rl Average | contents of each | Ashpit. Cart Loads. lO r—1 Analysis of Work. •j£b(X jad Ptbq jad spuoq CO •.£e(I jad jad spuoq CM <M •S9SIOJJ •suoSb^v Pub spn?Q •uaj\[ ?idqsv' '03? ‘sdix qsiqqna; s- t3 to O) -C > £ § s S Z4> CO cb op o r - <M O CM I- TtT re o 1 -» o l ■* tn 72 •r .2 ft* .£ a 3 £ to cQ CD ® o S £ “ co CO co e—H oo co CO of 'd <D •ft cc O a <D ft CD U 2 •jopn.qsoQ puou luvopqxitag 891 '.io;oujxsaa proa ouuqqxry; 03 •O 00 •aad^jaAB^ o $ r- qooa cc gjnjo JOAiy; t- co , i 'Slliqpurs CM O | CM CC 1 'XaaJXS ft a[nqu9sii{0 cT OB 49 09 C3 © 40 a o a r—l C3 49 c 49 © -a 49 49 0 © O P-4 © ft ft C o 03 49 • pH ft -O 09 c3 49 ft E © ft5 © ’© © © P-4 © © o 49 <4-1 © ,o a © rG 4= 49 cS -a 49 © © 09 © rO £ 49 actually emptied. The number of brick ashpits within the old City is approximately 48,000, and the figures show that the average number of times each ashpit was emptied throughout the City was 9-8. From the 48,000 pits 60,557 loads were ! 91 li l m K CO H Cd O CO 6 P W P « Eh ►3 w cc O <! > o § H r'? Q £ <! fc o t-H H O w l3 hJ o o w P H Ph O rj-i P2 o I—I > pp H CO <D J- o bO 3 r—H c3 3 cS o 60 > 43 © O rH CO S-H s g <D fH P 43 3 Sh o 7d o 43 c3 «fH o t3 0> d g (pr^ © a © 60 rH 43 • pH PH P a © ^3 o d *4-1 pH a *H Q CO O a q o © «$ G ►> T3 q fl © P d o CD 43 ^ r-j o o 43 p m CO 3 CD > pph P 05 . —. ^ r-j > O <—h ® P O © Ph • H •d ’> 43 £ © * M 05 as m 60 © C-H _C <D f H O CD G • c3 >3 43 73 Cy P o r G 73 Ph d q c$ O P 43 • rH © 3 m a» co q £**> P 73 «8 s in G q 0) p G ■T3 PH o © « rH 43 CO 43 G 43 33 • pH P fl ® <D o 43 rP 43 60 o 43 d • pH CO fl G h b0 o P S © 43 p P > 4J cS *H-H CO O 43 © *4 fl • rH 4H o o CO rfl G £> r—H M G • pH P CO -43 e P CD G rH O p-H 43 43 rH P • rH P 73 > P © 43 i O G P d 73 o P rP G co O O P CO 4 G 73 43 CO *o rH rH r ■ H pH © s 43 05 d o • rH •d 43 rd d a •O c8 © CO «+H d o o CO G P 43 Oh «44 o • rH to d dJ © © © © c m Oh © 43 05 03 o c3 •d 05 © rH 2 © a P rH «H-H © G 05 CO G d CO o 43 d P «4-< c3 G G P >> »H , O • rH c3 f-H fl G Q 43 CO ^5 G tn G g O rP O 4h H nd o © © fl © © • rH e8 > P G © CO 05 rO o 43 P c3 >5 »—i 3 05 43 d cS 43 p o Ph 7d d s CO 73 © 43 • rH p © c3 afl '60 bo 43 a G • rH P «4H ’Ti o © CO c3 P © © d © © © X © O • rH 43 p G 43 • rH d © > d d rt 00 • rH 43 o 43 p « h-1 Carts Employed. | IP CG Rubbish Tips. Smithdown Road Destructor. 34 Ratlibone Road Destructor. 09 Vliere Deposited O G . P tfj -*3 P pH P P'Z r* .P ^ & f River Craft Dock. 6,577 Sandhills. 2,260 Chisenhale Street. 8,501 Loads Removed -- 17,510 , SERVICE FOR FLUSHING AND CLEANSING TROUGH WATER CLOSETS. of public health, more especially so as this form of closet has been found necessary for the tenants of confined and densely-populated portions of the City. During the Summer months a large number of the urinals and the major proportion of the trough water closets are cleansed and disinfected twice daily. During the remaining part of the year each receives daily attention. lO ■ o fc W pq <J o J8 co P o <1 m m < Ph of H Pm P O Q m H P P p3 H oo s o Cm Pm P co P Cm P Pm P o p > o £ p Pm P <1 O H Q P P P O Q O' P l-M 02 <i P P o P3 o Pm P O t—1 > P5 P oc .2 ’•+3 M o a, o Sri dri £ o 0 -+3 • rH 43 (3 ej d 0 M3 M3 <u d d 73 d © Sri a -d H Sri S3 1) >> © to • rH Sri d d d > O £ a> Sri © Sri © £ 0) <v p -P> SO <D g o P <4H C0 SQ a • rH dri CD © * as DO d 03 O t«. riri SO c\ ©I o> a d m3 +3 00 00 © r—H -M> o © BO d tf-i © Sri © DO d o M3 © m3 -S3 to £ o Sri M3 © .2 43 © c3 M Pri d © M3 c« £ © 'a, o © dri © rid 43 © Sri © m3 £ 43 O © m3 43 DO Sri © 43 Sri cS d cr* c3 M3 Sri © © © Sri o3 © Sri © M3 M3 © © d • rH m 6' go «+H o Pi -P> CO a> £ o d d d o3 P4 -d CO ct d o • rH dri © © © Sri 00 43 • rH Sri o <+ri d © d • rH > o Sri PM c$ 43 91 © m3 43 o 43 do d ’>» © > rH P o © «sri o © riH M2 d o Sh 43 © o M3 O to d c3 m3 43 Sri © rid M3 <3 Sri C\ © © c3 M-ri Sri d 0 M3 © © Sri M3 0 © M3 M3 d o dri 0 to d • rH o to d © £ o Sh Sri c5 M2 © © Sri M3 0 as ai & 73 00 to a 'dri © © * 91 M3 d © d C © Sri «*ri © to _d ’43 c$ 43 ’0 00 © © © d DO to d • rM dri © © £ 91 43 © © Sri M3 91 cS a Sri O © rid M3 M3 43 d © ► o d o3 H •d © QJ Sri H " g d 0 M3 43 £ d £ © Sri 43 09 © Sri c3 91 M3 © © Si M3 0 P © CS M2 © M3 43 © 0 d «4-i « Sri © m3 M3 d d e3 c3 d © © o >> a c3 d c3 M3 M3 © Sri o g 0 rt © Sh cj © rid M3 Sri © ► © •c V ► © s <0 « 90 be © 'S. « CO 43 V « Sri 43 co (H o 05 a o c pH 4> I) d- River Craft Dock. <N O cc of ©1 Wavertree. 0 00 ©r 1 ) Sandhills. 11.957 CP 5 43' 00 ,P c© p CD ©0 a. p •N c» O •sco Sd O Vh . <V o 'c3'Q > HflO £ 3 S L — riri id ©r 05 co ■ o fc W P ffl Eh co I |5H Q & p go O CO H ■o go CO <1 Ph p| JZh I <1! CO H Oh P o o c/5 H W W w H GO Ol PS, Ph j H GO P pH H Ph pH o > Ol 2 s Ph f Ol <J ol fcj I—I GO K O o a H • 4i a a • rH c3 a © 43 © rl s a Ph a © Ph © © © a f-H -a © o 43 43 <44 Q 43 © 43 CO 'a 'a a a • rH © > of OJ -p> a a > © a o <D © *4 13 © K_ P -P bo © © 43 • rH tfl fl • rH 43 43 0> 43 o a p« o a a o ■a <D M Ph *“-1 d P 3 a Ph r-j © 43 <D rP -P o 02 r < • rH P -P pp 13 • rH d M «4H P cn O <D <D <D • 4-5 o <D s -4-P o s d O CQ ’p 4-5 rP CO • rH P m o <D c3 • »H d O <D *~o CO • rH r - < o o p c3 4^5 c3 rP > P <D CO +3 -4-P 4P> CQ • rH a 0) be CH 43 Jh a O ■a S3 a a © a o> -© a a a a 43 a o h3 a CD 02 O © 43 © a ?4 Ph © 43 43 X bn a fH a 'a a co a o a t» a • H © Sh o a © P3 43 o Sh <44 © 02 a 44 © f4 o • rH 4P GO <D a o •a © 43 43 © > o a © o 43 o os a a a >* 43 a O 44 © «44 o 02 4-3 H a Ph a a fn • rH W 05 •p CO 4P a aJ -4-3 • rH rO c5 rd g • rH © 4= 43 43 43 "a © -a © (—} 43 u o <4-1 a a 43 43 BQ X © © a 43- H O <44 a o © a j- o K*> a •a a a GO © -a H 4*3 a a a a GO <44 O © l—I o 43 £ © 43 43 tuo a -»-< H a ■a os bo a © & '©s <H o 43 © 'a ■> a (D © 4a © 43 S a a -r4 4a © © £ © 43 43 m >3 a •a >4 © 43 43 O © 43 43 a o pH a Jh 3 O 43 a © 43 43 >4 o <44 a a 43 43 bn a • rH a Pi O £ c3 a o PI p o £ co p 3 o rd £ CD <+H eg p O 4—1 05 44> d P P a> rd &0 cS p- 05 P c$ 5P 4-3 m >-» « 05 b£> eS Jh 05 > ◄ cn o w Jh o w c © O C© c© co 00 Ph 6> c •rH Ph <D <o 02 ■p 05 05 p CO w 'd a5 O P •d o -*4» • H CO o Ph 05 Q 0) JH o J3 £ 05 Ph 05 P a a a a *o oa o o O - O Jh OP > •rH © 33 c© 1^ O © >4 a § 05 P3 43 T3 a a c» iO ©1 <C © »4 a a a s o CO •d <D > O a Q> Ph Chisenhale St. 05 W3 rH «P 05 . M co o oo Manure. U© uo OS r—H ©i -44) o o E- CO 05 o r< c© e*-H <D P3 CM 05 Jh r-H a CO o S5 § l—H *"q ‘3 ■4—* q -M> -4-3 1 "q <4-1 -pi <D d «x» -43 • rH p q CL, 0) p <4H Mi <D 1 "1 q q q -43 d -p> <D ^5 Pi <D -43 0? q ^3 -+p © d r rCj 02 • rH d • rH ■■d P 0 o o a; o P rP Ph -P> a • rH r—I U) q *q a £ -1-3 Ph *S 0) CO q O np P q co a> • #N -P> "d q © d o Ph -P> CO d p CO q o> q CO <D rd <D >> <x> rd O) rd 43 d Q bO Ph -Pi #d q -43 *p nd d d o *73 q rP <x> Pi Ph CO bX) d o p <D -43 d co rd 4-3 • rH P Ph CO v o q <4—1 P -43 a> CO -P> q • rH nd <D P <4-1 d O O CO >> p • rH P •4^ 0) <D Vi rd -P> p -P> q q bo d q cr1 • rH <4H rd O -Pi q a> Ph co q * CO d o p 3d <1 o <4H q bio PS w Eh <1 O % H -5 <D 5 bO P 3 p <D i? 53 « o ft & >0 g O § i *5 CO q -h> v WrC c5 G ft ft SO^ 2 ^ s © 3.2 P. 'S • t© O p Eh m 'P q id Smal Day. c0 **H 13 O <I> V HL> M 3 rd 'S p S -q 0) Jz« r4 M 5?S be p q t-H id • Cl q CO O rO t ^ M _ w H Hi £ W m W Ph Pm o <s SJD a3 <S > < T3 S +a M S A O .S CC X* Sh £- •e cs ft - cS ft 4) bC h eg ft S O IS “ 5C <s iacc ft so c3 S ft ft is 2. bc^-3 g id S £ ^ Ph cc "C e8 O d . «*- 'C O OJ -4ft P 3 |1 P P r- -4ft £3 CO £ft 13 Mft o H O cc 'd P tn q a> m m p t3 O 53M ft cc B V S H £ CC C5 Cl M s ft 0 SZ5 cS a 02 s be >~ c« ft co -t> § 3 ° o b P ci o 0 3 fc >> c« Q JC >> cd ft 05 CC H L- I - o co cc o Cl o' CO co cc TABLE No. Where Deposited. River Craft Dock. i 343 Sandhills. 133 Chisenhale Street. 1,009 T3 m 2 i© "d > 00 d © © a © r— Ph o m a d .s d a os A fee o A 43 15 os' Sh © a cs £ o o 'd a d © 00 Sh o ^3 'd a d a fee d X> d fee ’© 43 +3 d ,© <1 © 43 © > E © © a; c_ advantage to the department in enabling it to more economically dispose of a certain quantity of refuse which, without admixture with this material, would be unsaleable, and entail a considerable additional cost for tinal disposal. w P$ p £ 05 d £ H PQ <5 > o to p £ o ^ ■> a CO A O M O -3 o 2 63 1 1 Horse Manure. 5© I- CO © T3 > X O Tf O s *v ^ § — pp a DESPATCHES OF MANURE AND REFUSE. 02 <21 L — P CO — cr. <D be fl3 CD > o q i g ; c/: p 1 c c | HH ^ 1 ^rH C P i? o go EH 0) rO -3 0) £ & <D P G cS rO O ce co c3 -p O H CON00 OClHCl CDMi'iO 1- 0" pr u 0 —144 hO®MOOO)«3 10—lOJPcci^pc; OJ P CO CO Ol 00 1—1 CO r-T iA iA of oc cd P P P I - OJ 271,818 OJ O P P HOOMOoroo 1 -4 10 01 fO Cl lOHCOPOCt^^P I~- CO PJ OJ OJ P 0 P Ol CO — OJ CO co 0 co P P P oi cc cd -- od P t>* OJ p Ol o 4-3 o £ P 4-3 ce <D Q OCJO 1 ^ -t O CO-h(M CO — Ol 02 02 -H O JO 1 CO JO — P CO 00 OJ P . P Ol . . p of co" I'— ai p P O CO <M 02 — « o 02 02 o» 4 02 a e8 Ph CO o cc ^ 02 O CO (M CO Ol ft Ol lO 05 »o CO CO I — m t- P 02 ■— o o eS 43 C O o 00 H p ri ci Tt< co 0 . . 02 Ol O co . p 00 . . 01 . . C2 H 0 cor oi cd of 1—1 Ol oi p co 0 co G Tf1 . 02 . . . . i 0 . . co . « . ft tH cd CO cf 03 be G 2 0 rH P CO 0 • C2 O r—1 c—) Gi 0 0 £ CO • Ol co . . p . p~ co" Ol" of co" CO o 02 bo •I—( £ 'll C$ &H O rw rO c3 Qj O efi £2 43 & >> o 43 r-H 4) S3 4) c2 P 43 P 4 c3 43 > 02 7s to P ^ 4} P M ^ P P P eS OtB 02 02 4 -1-3 - 4 ® > c «s <D « li J£ 43 —i p 3 *11 r—( „ 44 - ° 2 - o 03 c3 Q apH P £ 43 -q pq 44 £ -4_3 r+ ftfS 02 r—< 1) P «!« ^ < 02 Cj 4) _. </} ^3 *g fl 07) V40 <12 02 4 ft ft > P$ “ 02 4 4 P a; a) 2 P- ftp - - s PO^ p cS o p 02 fl o 43 43 += ’CO ci g tfcO 0 £ o 43 -4> 02 43 4 o 02 cS > cS 03 P ci 02 P 05 4 cS > 02 43 <H o tS 02 m O Pp 02 02 43 02 > cS 02 02 02 %A O o 02 O 43 CO 5d t- Cl p o3 43 43 02 m 02 43 o a3 d 43 cS 43 43 02 * o 02 02 43 c3 H 02 43 H eS P c 02 P • rH K__ 02 43 43 b.0 P Sh P 'P 4 o 02 02 > ci 43 o» o 43 4 cS O P c3 r& 02 02 02 O 02 CO p O c3 43 P cO P 02 43 43 43 P 02 02 02 4 02 4 43 O P 02 02 O cS 43 O 43 02 43 43 bO 02 cO O 30 02 4 o c3 P a cS 02 02 > 4 C3 43 02 ■P 02 ci Pi 02 P 02 4 O 02 42 P 02 P cS 4 02 b“"j 43 4 02 43 c3 * 43 P cS cS «4I O 02 43 02 02 P o o 02 4-3 02 02 4 43 02 02 43 43 02 bO P o 02 02 o Pp 4 P o p 02 43 02 C o m a o O Ji; 02 r> cS H P 02 cS 43 02 P O 43 02 02 43 43 lO C5 oo 4 cS 02 2^3 43 ft 02 02 * 02 43 4 o ft o 4 ft P • r-( m 02 be 4 cS c3 02 02 O SO p cS 43 43 02 4 O «+H o 43 43 or 02 cS o p 02 43 02 02 4 cc o PQ p 4 cS 43 02 02 4 43 in 43 02 4 P 43 O CD ri r - ^ P-> 43 02 bfl P 02 4 43 • rH in •Tj p 4 0 P £ 40 44 0 <D CO c5 02 4 <D U1 c$ 02 «4H H i-4 O) u 43 «4P "cS O P -P> • rH ft1 02 40 -*4 P rH r-H P !3 O C8 £ P 40 O 02 • rH 40 ft <D 3 40 O 3 O 02 bO P 02 02 ci ft OJ 02 43 4-3 >3 c3 £ ft c3 02 02 r-» >> •+3 > rH 'cS +3 p o © &c 03 43 a © o p © P- . L" © • 25 fC 43 93 ^ © T3 > a ’-p 43 iy w o © %3 25 © &D © © -+o -P © ai) a -P fl © © P © P, 5 m 2 © 5 ^ a -p o __ rw ^ a 23 «8 -p "a « Q3 “ a 3 © £ f r* -8 £ © tuo a a © •<H P 0,0 H P a o © <+* r© 03 93 ® au ^ P >23 © P * a 93 P* a © o © •r1 J2 3 a > a © a rt q3 © ^ aa a o _ 'zs V © rH ^3 93 O CS Ph £ © 03 © 93 p o 23 © 23 43 23 -42) o3 a; Q •sub A Smjoajmsifl S'-01 I 1 •JIBS SuiJJBQ . •po.iepjo jojs[ priB Abq ^uiVr qt CO •SJl.IBa q- ,S[‘BU'B0 3© OX uiBajg aaojaq SuuajiB^A i—! ox <D <D G u ■J99.IJS AAOJClAVO.Tq r-H 1 | ^ 423 • rH O •StusuBap) j s.xaAvag sp *a SlITABJ CO CO ox MiojjBqy • rH m in •.laSuassajf CO ox C© w CQ PH £ to s •[{BH .«B0 CO H- LY AVERAGE NIB 3 > Jh O ©4 •sauiqoBj^; jaaijg ajojaq Suuaj«AY 1- CO o •**H £ ■.Stn.iaj'Bivv CO ib a 73 juapuajuuadug bi •jajpiBTU rH rH l—i O | 1 ti | S 'Sp ‘j.reipw ‘saaojs ‘sajqBjg ‘p.iBA CT\ • GO w GO Ph s > cS o rf) Vl%\K ‘sautqoiqy SutdaaAvg ib l-H c W •^ea ‘s9nti[0Bj\[ •8nid90Avg rH cb •SaiSuaABOg jaa.tjg ip -pH l— IBAOiuajf qsy nan Ip cb •sdix qsy ijpung op JBAOUjajJ qsy 00 >b 1 qsy jqSiN «b 3 to •jCupung ifaaAa q.ioA\. jy co f u O W a i •saAijoajjanj jo aS'Bjaaojaj bo O 1 +p 2 ! O ‘ VOAV oAijoajia _ ! CO ox h-H Sh 1 o o i jaquin^ i Cl » 1 Hired. •jsqumK; 1 '■ bx 01 Transferred from Urban District Councils. . O .5 CM o fc W m Eh ■73 © >> o 0) 09 >4 cS d2 43 fee d • pH Is 01 P 09 43 <D 03 o fa) a) 43 eS £ d3 tJO s o >4 43 o o CO of Z | Is © d © g g g s co CO ©J o d 1—1 • PH <44 j>4 o * pH , [ d cS 'd 43 © © o 43 p E£ CS • pH £ 43 P—H s t* O) » 4 in a? c © <X> P-H p fa) © 00 c3 4-» p P2 O w £ 43 43 <4-H o Oi GO K cS jd 43 a> q «4-H o £ P 'd © 43 g d p c8 g © o d d © © feO p. OF pQ fan CS © fee $ cS cS fai P d © P < 43 • pH in' • pH rc3 ff ► eS d H <x> c3 eS CO o • pH > w U 0) fee d P © © 43 43 • pH ’> • ^ &e i—i d © •s P P tv .© 5g 'd d • pH p^ © >4 o P1 H Ph O <3 © -d 43 a> g © Ph P > rH o Ph d o a o 0 © fan © < 'd CO p d © © t c3 cu g p^ © oo 'p. © C5 g © 03 © ,d w 43 Is Is P-J •d d 43 03 r-H 43 o d <s >d • N r- CO a a> Cl fee d g <D * pH in • pH <4-H o g ^H Ph fa) d g © d o © g d © in d d a r—H © ■4—» a> .2 d3 w p- 43 O o o M fee d o £ 43 © A H Cfe <N 0) —9 43 a o Ph p 0) 3 cS P- cS o © S- © $ n3 1=1 eS t*4 43 • pH o 'd »—"I O © -d 43 rP 43 'd © d • pH c3 43 c 0 5 CO 43 • f-H Cl, pC CO cS O O -O GO *H a> p o a> 43 a3 P i 43 CO Sh gC c3 43 c3 43 s <D • pH © 56 d 0Q *d © > o s- Ph © S a> cS Oi 43 d © 6 H"*4 o 16 g © © P2 H © (4 s o ,p cS «44 cS d3 £ CO oi a © r* £4 'P- g © © -d *d © ■ i • H cS 43 fl « © 09 d t+-t © cS 09 o Ph m © H 09 P2 43 a o © 13 & 43 © rP 43 &0 c 09 © s • pH 43 oo Cfe © 00 cS fal © > cS d eS 09 © feo fa. cS o cS d eS © d «3 s- © Ph a. o cS © © rP 43 d o p. © K*4 o o Ph d 03 © 13 cS "£? 09 ^ nd <D pH a a> u a> cS p3 o CO a) p£ 43 bo fl • rH 43 Ph g © o co o 43 d o • pH 43 • pH nd 'd cS ! I^ox pu^jf ) CO io C4 O pH pH b 0 pH •>poa •fuo.moquq N d CO ‘M13U19.IOX j sao'BU ^isodocT •sagjnoqBT; eo <o a uavoj, snou'BA •a,Bra9J0X ] p PJOJ pn^ aa.x^my ‘9n,e,I iosjoo s.iaanoq'ex 00 ■ <D ► Ih uBuigaox . »-* c3 •2jooa saganoq'BX Htl b CO J3AJ7J ao^oadsui 1 Li •snmpu'Bs pu,b •sjgjnoq'Bq f s C4 •7g apnquasiqo •ao^oadsuj 3 •mox ip 04 CO p o CO saa^ui^X u O S.19HU7S pu« sq^uusJiouig 17-3 ■s.i9anoqnx pm? s^hSuahjtjo 04 pp pH cables, Yards, and Stores. I^ox 00 <M •SI9d99Jl9107g pnB ‘aottl -9iqi37g *u9tapjis^ ‘sig^ino 00 CO 04 lOuiqo^Av 1ll3IN 05 SJ9d993l9SJOH * •l^ox <p b 04 CO •s.foa Af.iapjo 05 CO C4 •ui.mx ip?H .i.reo 00 b •sgSjBa .xeddoH sa9jq cp pH Ol •U9H p 09 •uaj^ qsy 04 O pH 6 quns'BO pH b PH o • pH > •U9J\[ I'BUUfl 05 05 02 ►» ■U9j\[ 79SOIO qSno.ix iO C4 P •U9K Xnuo b 04 'n9j\[ eS^ssBa b CO •sj9Avonox ip !>• •SJ9d99.VVg 1 CO CO pH • H9J\[ AlO-U^a 05 b •agaug^i}^ b •SI9d992{9J[07g 70U7SIQ 04 b pH •sjo?09dsnj b 04 0) CJ W°X 05 b > M o w -fp pp •pH •asjvt JJ'eqiW pH •U9j\f uappiH 05 l> }Z) •sjopodsux 09 •mox O'! b hH iog ao®o PH <u fl S1{J910 ! o •O^P ‘j9>(D9q3 ] CO -MO)03dsaj loi CO fH o' W PQ < & <D <U S-l <c a- © CO Sh O 5-i © CL CO O O as a> Si CD £ J T3 a aS 5-1 <V nd a <u > o S-i 'd a aS T3 o o r— a o .u CL, a d CO c O O a! Q i-H 4) Q) rTl> tZ • i-W 05 -w M X> GG o 05 o w r* 'o c3 <D 4^ CG O o 4H o Net «4-H o 4) -*-a m O LsS © £ © o CD > ►» £ 4-3 £ (D <V Cfl m O • rH 'S © C3 * Jh o o <V u d g si « eS ® ® S o Q > §-2® cq CO CO o 00 CO t- CO •e o o Eh a _o *-C A g 5 a a o O o H (fj o8 4^> „ «N •* c\ #\ »> •» © © 05 co 05 ~t 05 CO 05 o r - CO o l>- P"H iO lO CO Tf 00 l- 00 Tfl CO 05 05 05 cT co~ ^4 50 —- — CD . o3 . © . P^ • nd d ; CO GO o Corn .. c8 03 0 3 © PQ Oats .. Bran .. Meal .. 'C © © CD fl H4 Boots Grass.. Hay .. Straw § n © p^ ® « »o OS t" Sawdust INSANITARY PROPERTY. INSANITARY PROPERTY. During the year very few houses were demolished under the Liverpool Sanitary Amendment Act, as the property included in the presentment of the preceding year had not been completely dealt with. The houses dealt with are the following :— The court known as No. 3 court in Oakes Street, in the City of Liverpool. The dwelling-houses numbered 1, 2 and 3 in the said No. 3 court. The dwelling-houses numbered 23, 25 and 27 in Oakes Street aforesaid, contiguous to No. 3 court in the said street. The dwelling-house numbered 15 in Hughson Street, in the said City. The dwelling-house numbered 29 in Coring Street, in the said City. The dwelling-house numbered 31 in Fernie Street, in the said City. The court known as No. 2 court in Shaftesbury Street, in the said City. The dwelling-houses numbered 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 in the said No. 2 court. The dwelling-houses numbered 8 and 10 in Shaftesbury Street aforesaid, contiguous to No. 2 court in the said street. The court known as No. 4 court in Shaftesbury Street, in the said City. t/ The dwelling-houses numbered 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and G in the said No. 4 court. The dwelling-houses numbered 12 and 14 in Shaftesbury Street aforesaid, contiguous to No. 4 court in the said street. The court known as No. 1 court in Ford Street, in the said City. The dwelling-houses numbered 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 in the said No. 1 court. The dwelling-houses numbered 6 and 7 in Ford Street aforesaid, contiguous to No. 1 court in the said street. The dwelling-house numbered 14 in Norris Street, and the dwelling-house at the rear (not numbered), in No. 2 court, Bull Entry, in the said City. The dwelling-house numbered 2 in No. 2 court in Torbock Street, in the said City. The dwelling-house numbered 90 m Gild art’s Gardens, in the said City. In addition to the foregoing, one house was dealt with under the Housing of the Working Classes Act, as this Act furnished a convenient means of removing a house which obstructed the ventilation of others, and prevented proper measures from being carried into effect for making other houses sanitary. The situation of the house in question was No. 12, Gildart’s Gardens. The City Engineer has kindly supplied the following tables :— INSANITARY PROPERTY. Insanitary Property purchased 1895. Insanitary Property demolished 1895. No. of houses included in twelfth presentment No. of houses purchased by Insanitary Property Committee included in presentments referred by Council to Committee. Total. No. of houses demolished 5°- of by Insanitary houses Property included Committee 5' . included in t welt tli presentments present- referred by ment. Council to Committee. Total. ' 316 36 35*2 277 30 307 Return ok Houses Erected and Houses Taken Down during Year 1895. WARDS. Houses Erected. Houses taken down. 1 Everton and Kirkdale. . 99 69 9 Scotland . . 10 129 •> fl Vauxhall 2 70 4 St. Paul’s 3 5 Exchange 6 Castle Street 1 3 7 St. Peter’s 3 8 Pitt Street 2 27 9 Great George 20 3 10 Rodney 11 Abercromby i 6 12 Lime Street 25 13 St. Anne’s 1 13 14 West Derby 122 19 15 South Toxteth . 6 1 ^5 16 North Toxteth .. 1 Total number of houses erected and) , taken down in former City area... | 265 535 j Sewer Ventilation to end ok 1895. No. of 9-inch by 6-inch, and 6-inch lion Pipe Ventilating Shafts No. of Street Ventilating Gratings The length of Old Sewers Ventilated Note.— All New Sewers are ventilated as constructed. 85+ •1,495 180 mileg. GITY HOSPITALS. NOTIFICATION OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES. The number of notifications received by the Medical Officer du year was 5,908, as follows :— 1895. 1894. January */ 589 663 F ebruary 475 585 March 445 753 April 401 395 May ... 522 651 J une ... 460 645 July ... 396 582 August ... 493 634 September ... 497 723 October ... 535 864 November ... 611 730 December ... 484 577 5,908 ... 8,002 The diseases were specified as follows :— 1895. 1894. Smallpox 142 199 Scarlet Fever ... 2,636 4,034 Typhoid „ ... 1,301 1,445 Typhus „ ... Ill 200 Continued „ ... 102 168 Relapsing „ 2 1 F ever 30 47 Puerperal Fever 61 68 Diphtheria ... ... 289 313 Membranous Croup 78 68 Erysipelas ... ... 1,156 1,457 Choleraic Diarrhoea • • • l English Cholera NUMBER OF CASES REPORTED AND NUMBER REMOVED TO HOSPITALS, 1889-1895. W 3 «< £ go & 3 Ph t* X O Ph ■<j HH *5 X Ph X) © a> * > o s © P5 3 £ O CM lO o CO o po H ^ a> a> rO H^ s g 3 Ph ^ n3 © (U ^ > P o h-H 3 3 fee © PI !>• GO CO pO o I - GO CO Ph i^h rP +H 3 Ph 3 P ■5 pH CO pO CO o PO L- CO CO 00 Ph i"rf 1 | 3 3 M CO O PO O 05 PO rv*s • *■ <M CO CO 00 <M Ph Ti © CD 32 -p s s 3 Ph Sz H Ph >"0 © <B _o 3 O 3 £ ►z © GO CM CM t— eo t- <M <M CO cn PO CO Ol CO CO H I—H CO l- rH 05 r-H <o_ M CO CO co" -t-" cm" co" of of CM >—H co »o M CO po o CO CO 05 CO o i- o GO 05 05 PO CO PO PC' CO CO CO ^ 0) <D O pT CO 00 GO CO o PO P$ CO co o GO 3 £ IO 05 CO CO^ t> H ►z © r-H w HH Ph © a5 Cl o CO GO co O X rO r-> %-> CO Ol r- PO CO CO 3 Ph tz ^ i—H co" r-v r-H c\ r—H co" co cO (M CM Ph 02 © © H0 ^ 2 Ph 3 O 3 Ph ►yT <D ZP3 05 <M CM I- r>* PO 05 M CM 05 o r-H M CO X 05 05 w - 05 X X X X X 05 GO 1895. 130 127 2,710 1,039 1,306 662 162 158 3,462 CITY HOSPITALS. esent hospital accommodation in Liverpool is as follow At Netherfield Road Hospital ... 90 beds „ Grafton Street „ 80 „ „ Parkhill 300 „ „ Mill Lane „ . 40 „ „ Priory Road „ . 30 „ Total ... *>40 „ Smallpox is provided for at, Parkhill, where wards available for about one hundred cases are provided on a part of the estate sufficiently remote from the other pavilions. As a matter of convenience in administration, Typhus Fever, of which there is comparatively little, is treated at Netherfield Road Hospital, whilst the relatively few cases of Diphtheria occurring in the City are treated in Grafton Street Hospital. Provision is made in both these Hospitals for the treatment of Scarlet Fever and Typhoid Fever from any part of the City, and also at Mill Lane, and the convalescents are drafted away, as circumstances require, to Parkhill Hospital. Patients suffering from Measles are treated at the Walton Hospital, Priory Road. The Hospitals (Committee have resolved to increase the accommodation for patients at Netherfield Road Hospital by fifty beds, and improvements are being carried out in connection with the approaches to the Hospital, the nurses’ home, and other matters. The following tables, prepared by the House Surgeon of each Hospital, show the number of patients, the nature of the illness, and the results, at each of the three City Hospitals during the year 1895 :— CITY HOSPITAL NORTH, NETHERFIELD ROAD. Diseases. Remaining | Dec. 31st, 1894. Admitted During 1895. Total under Treatment 1895. Discharged Cured. Sent to Park hill Convalescent. Patients Remaining Dec. 31st, 1895. Died within 24 hours of Admission. Total Deaths. M ortality per cent. of Admissions. Typhoid Fever. 20 112 132 87 6 20 1 19 16 9 Typhus Fever .. 23 148 i 171 104 29 21 — 17 11-4 Scarlet Fever. 57 245 302 93 151 52 1 1 6 2-4 Other Diseases. 2 61 63 48 3 0 1 1 10 16 4 Totals . 102 566 668 332 189 95 3 52 91 TYPHOID FEVER. Age Periods. 0—5 5—10 o 1 1 © 20—30 30—40 40—50 50 upwards Total. No. of cases. 1 20 39 34 14 3 1 112 No. of deaths . 1 1 4 6 5 1 1 19 Percentage of deaths 5 10-2 17 6 35*7 33 3 — 16-9 TYPHUS FEVER. Age Periods. 0-5 5—10 10—20 20—30 30—40 40—50 50 upwards. l Total. No. of cases. 13 22 51 27 18 14 3 148 No. of deaths .... 1 — 1 1 8 4 0 17 Percentage of deaths 7-6 — 1-9 3-7 44-4 28*5 06*6 11*4 SCARLET FEVER. Age Periods. 0—5 5—10 10—20 20—30 30—40 40—50 50 upwards. Total. No. of cases . 79 G 7-5 106 45 _ 12 3 — 245 G 2-4 No. of deaths . Percentage of deaths — — — — OTHER DISEASES. Disease. Cases. Deaths. Pneumonia . ] g Febricula . 12 Measles . g Meningitis. 5 _ Other diseases (not classified) . 20 .. _ 61 10= 16 ‘4 per cent. Visiting Physician, Dr. ROBERTSON. Resident Physician, Dr. RUSSELL. CITY HOSPITAL SOUTH, GRAFTON STREET. Diseases. Remaining ! in Hospital j 31st Dec., 1894. -—w Admitted into Hospital during 1895. Total under treatment during 1895. Died during 1895. i Discharged to homes 1895. Convalescent; Patients Transferred to Parkhill | 1895. Others Transferred to other Hospitals. Remaining in Hospital 1895. Mortality per cent, of Admissions. Scarlet Fever.. 46 464 510 31 81 362 _ 35 6-7 Typhoid Fever 22 298 320 38 231 26 5 20 12*7 Typhus Fever — 12 12 2 4 4 2 166 Diphtheria.... — 56 56 17 25 14 _ ___ 30 3 Measles .. — 11 11 — 5 6 — _ _ Other Diseases — 87 87 16 37 34 — — 18-3 Totals.. .. 68 928 996 104 383 446 7 55 11-2 SCARLET FEVER. Age Periods. 0—5 5—10 | 10—2020— 30 30— 40 40—50 50 upwards. | Total. No. of cases . 200 158 75 24 5 2 464 No. of deaths . 27 4 — — — — — 31 Percentage of deaths 13‘5 2*5 — — — - i 6*7 TYPHOID FEVER. Age Periods. 0—5 5—10 10—20 20-30 CO O 1 o 40—50 50 upwards. Total. No. of cases . . . 21 64 101 69 24 13 6 298 No. of deaths . 1 4 14 10 7 1 1 38 Percentage of deaths 47 6 2 13-8 144 29 T 7-6 16*6 12-7 • H OTHER DISEASES, Suspected to be infectious or sent in for observation. Febricula . Cases. Deaths. . 20 . - Pneumonia. ... 14 . 3 Erysipelas. Bronchitis. . 10 . 4 Phthisis . . 6 . 5 Tonsillitis . . 6 . Pleurisy. Tubercular Meningitis. . Convulsions . . 2 . 2 Syphilis . . 1 . Injury . Rheumatism . Paralysis. Purpura.. . 1 . Varicella. Peritonitis. . 2 . Plumbism . Empyema . Influenza. 87 16=18 *3 per cent. Visiting Physician, Dr. ROBERTS. Resident Physician, Dr. BLAKEMAN. CITY HOSPITAL, PAKKHILL. Diseases. Remaining in Hospital : on December 31st, 1894. Patients admitted during 1895. Patients remaining in Hospital, December 31st, 1895. Total number under treatment during 1895. Fatal Acute Cases. Fatal Transferred Cases. Acute Cases. From City Hospital North. From City Hospital South. Number. Percentage Number. Percentage Scarlatina . 145 236 151 362 91 894 17 7'2 4 •8 Smallpox ... . 45 116 — — 161 8 6 9 — _ Enteric . 6 6 26 38 1 Diphtheria and 1 Croup. 7 14 oi Typhus . 29 4. A Z1 qq Measles . — 17 6 4 OO 23 3 17- Erysipelas . 3 q Varicella. 13 O 1 Q Whooping Cough. — 4 — — — ±o 4 1 _ I Other Diseases .. 1 32 3 34 9 i 70 8 25- — — Total .... 191 434 189 446 104 1260 42 9-6 5 •8 * Three died within (2Jf. hours of admission. ACUTE SCARLET FEVER, Age Periods. 0—5 5—10 10-20 20—30 30—40 1 40+ Total. No. of cases. 74 110 42 7 3 non No. of deaths. 11 5 J ZOO — 17 Percentage of deaths .. 14-8 4-5 2 4 — — 7-2 1 OTHER DISEASES. Disease. Malaria . Phthisis. Pneumonia. Meningitis.. Tonsillitis . Phagedoenic Ulcer . Gastro-enteritis . Cerebral Thrombosis . Cutaneous . Malaise . Cases. 3 1 2 1 4 1 3 1 11 5 32 Deaths. 1 1 o 1 3 SMALLPOX. INFLUENCE OF VACCINATION ON SMALLPOX. NATURE OF CASES. Age Periods in Years. Vaccinated. Unvaccinated Discrete. Semi-confluent. Confluent. Haemorrhagic. i Discrete, Semi-confluent. Confluent. 0—5 . • ■ 2 1 2 5—10 . 2 ... . . . • * . 2 • • • 2 10—15 .. 10 1 • . • 3 15—20 . 24 • . . i 1 1 1 20—30 . . . . 40 1 1 ... 2 30--40 . 8 • • . • • • 1 40+ . 6 3 ... 1 ... . . . 90 5 1 9 10 1 7 Haemorrhagic. RELATIVE INCIDENCE ON VACCINATED AND UN VACCINATED. Age Periods in Years. Vaccinated. Un VACCINATE I). Total. Cases. Deaths. Cases. Deaths. Cases. Deaths. 0—5 • • • 5 2 5 2 5-10 2 ... 4 • • • 6 10—15 11 ... 3 • • • 14 15_20 26 ' 1 2 1 28 2 20—30 41 ... 3 2 44 2 30-40 9 1 . . . • • • 9 1 40+. 9 1 1 10 J 98 3 18 5 116 8 Visiting Physician, Dr. ROBERTS. Resident Physician, Dr. ROBINSON. It will be observed that only 566 cases were admitted during the year into the City Hospital North, as against 928 cases into City Hospital South, Giafton Street, and 484 into the Parkhill Convalescent Hospital. Ibis is accounted for by the fact that important structural alterations were being carried on at the Netherfield Road establishment, which necessitated closing a number of beds for Scarlet Fever and Typhoid. In estimating the severity of the two principal diseases treated at the City Hospitals—Scarlet Fever and Typhoid—it is well to group together all the cases admitted of each disease into all the hospitals during the year, for the larger the number the more reliable will be the result respecting the type of disease prevailing during the whole year. Thus, in the City Hospital North, the mortality among the 245 admissions of Scarlet Fever was much lower than usual, whereas in the 700 cases admitted into the South Hospitals, it was higher. Had the same mortality obtained among the Scarlet Fever cases at the North Hospital, as did among those at the South Hospitals, 12 more deaths would have occurred. On the other hand, had the same mortality obtained among the 804 cases of Typhoid admitted into the Hospitals South, as obtained among the 112 cases admitted to the North Hospital, 11 more deaths would have occurred. It would appear that a larger proportion of severe cases of Scarlet Fever were admitted to the South Hospitals, and a larger proportion of severe cases of Typhoid into the North Hospital. CITY OF LIVERPOOL Rate of Mortality amongst Patients treated at Home and Patients treated in Hospital. Home Mortality. Year. 1891 1892 1898 1894 1895 1891 1892 1893 1894 1895 Year. 1891 1892 1893 1894 1895 1891 1892 1893 1894 1895 > Disease. F ever j Scarlet Fever j > Disease, Typhoid Fever j \ Scarlet Fever j Cases. Deaths. Per cent. r 303 63 20*7 443 77 17-3 < 956 171 17-8 L 878 176 20*0 771 129 16-7 r 728 85 11*6 953 89 9*3 < 2,158 149 6*9 2,548 152 6*0 1,671 97 5-8 Hospital Mortality. Cases. Deaths. Per cent. r 283 26 9-1 236 34 14-4 < 431 50 11*5 441 72 16*3 481 68 14*1 546 33 6-0 633 36 5-6 < 1,391 74 5*3 1,468 80 5*4 i l 1,039 72 6*9 general feeling that the hospitals receive an undue proportion ot specially severe cases, sent in because they have become too great a tax upon the strength and resources of the relatives who had at first hoped to be able to nurse them : removal thus rendered necessary by development ot serious symptoms, takes place at a time when it must necessarily be prejudicial to the patient’s chances of recovery. E. W. HOPE, M.D., D.Sc., Medical Officer of Health. Public Health Department, Municipal Offices, Liverpool, 18*A June, 1896. . I Efl * i < . A TABLE OF DEATHS DURING THE YEAR 1S95, IN THE URBAN SANITARY DISTRICT OF LIVERPOOL, CLASSIFIED ACCORDING TO DISEASES, AND LOG A LI I 11..-.. (I.) Names of Localities adopted for the purpose of these Statistics ; public institutions being shown as separate localities. DISTRICTS AND WARDS. Mortality from all Causes, at Si'B.ioiNED Ages. 1 ! | At all Ages. Under 1 Year. 1 and under 5. 5 and under 15. 15 and under 25. 25 ' and under 60. 00 1 and , upwards. i (a.) (6.) (C.) (d.) (e.) (/•) (17.) (h.) Scotland.. 1391 506 30 6 58 35 340 146 Exchange 1117 314 265 35 37 316 150 Abercromby 1013 251 127 37 33 305 260 Everton . 2522 858 565 111 62 546 380 Kirkdale.. ; 1422 487 274 64 59 355 183 West Derby 1613 536 327 62 53 386 249 North Toxteth .. 1246 363 204 48 43 299 289 South Toxteth .. 1001 383 223 29 32 188 146 Walton .. 753 258 134 35 24 170 132 West Derby (Rural) .. 611 141 56 28 22 182 182 Wavertree 222 63 26 8 11 49 65 Toxteth (Rural) 272 83 28 11 13 68 69 (II.) Public 1 Workhouses & Hospitals Institutions. J 3441 198 257 192 257 1646 891 Totals 16624 4441 2792 718 681 4850 3142 (i.) Under 5 5 upwards Under 5 5 upwards Under 5 5 upwards Under 5 5 upwards Under 5 5 upwards Under 5 5 upwards Under 5 5 upwards Under 5 5 upwards Under 5 5 upwards Under 5 5 upwards Under 5 5 upwards Under 5 5 up wards Under 5 5 upwards Under 5 5 upwards 1. k o ft f—H ■eS S in 2. 3. 4. a ft d g £2 <D 02 M P & o 5. 1 6. 7. 1 8. 9. Scarlatina. Diphtheria. Fevers. I Typhus. Enteric or Typhoid Continued. Relapsing. Puerperal. 5 4 9 1 1 1 • • 1 2 * 7 2 6 5 1 2 .. 2 2 1 2 • • 2 4 3 2 .. 2 • • 3 3 16 8 2 • • 5 5 4 12 1 9 mad 11 3 4 3 8 8 11 3 13 11 2 1 4 3 l 15 3 2 4 6 | 2 3 1 l 8 2 1 1 3 , 2 l 1 6 1 1 5 7 3 1 3 • • 1 5 2 3 2 1 . 1 1 8 2 i 1 1 • • i 1 i 2 1 4 3 51 20 1 1 4 10 22 8 20 98 5 3 118 64 36 2 17 10 51 34 5 22 180 4 32 10. g a 55 o a A n 1 15 1 23 11. 12. 13. 14. i 15. 16. 17. i 18. 19. 20 21. j 22. Erysipelas. Measles. Whooping Cough. Diarrhoea and Dysentery. Rheumatic Fever. Ague. Phthisis. Bronchitis, Pneumonia, and Pleurisy. Heart Disease. Injuries. All Other Diseases. Total. 1 29 53 142 4 173 1 55 334 812 2 1 11 3 1 63 210 48 42 180 579 2 41 32 84 5 144 .. 34 229 579 2 5 2 56 183 60 31 190 538 21 26 57 3 85 .. 23 154 378 3 1 1 9 1 80 149 87 22 274 635 4 90 84 219 11 333 .. 50 600 1423 3 2 4 12 4 2 134 353 97 25 439 1099 41 44 148 5 137 27 335 761 • • 3 1 4 2 102 171 63 23 262 661 1 57 54 106 .. 3 197 1 24 392 863 1 4 1 3 2 127 159 76 17| 334 750 25 31 78 5 146 22 247 i 567 3 I 3 4 2 83 195 74 19 279 679 1 30 36 96 4 160 9 20 249 606 2 1 6 1 45 131 43 17 139 395 17 25 45 1 1 66 1 3 202 392 2 1 61 61 45 8 172 361 7 9 18 34 122 197 4 2 46 92 41 13 204 414 3 9 23 2 50 89 1 • • 3 19 18 13 1 75 133 3 5 11 1 21 69 1 111 1 • • 9 mJ 3 18 37 15 4 74 161 3 11 4 26 5 74 2 37 213 455 6 1 • • 23 6 o 425 608 300 185 1267 2986 12 375 403 1039 o 46 1593 1 7 297 3196 7233 14 23 9 86 29 8 1259 2367 , 962 "i 3SS9 9391 Deaths occurring outside the division or district among persons belonging thereto • • • • • • t • • • • • • • Under 5 5 upwards • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Deaths occurring within the division or district among persons not belonging thereto 409 16 16 8 45 217 107 Under 5 5 upwards 1 1 .. 1 • • • • 2 5 • t • • • • • • • • 1 1 •> o r • I i 47 6 67 21 o o 32 19 198 32 377 B TABLE OF POPULATION, BIRTHS, AND OF NEW CASES OF INFECTIOUS SICKNESS 122 ' coming to the knowledge of the. Medical Officer of Health, during the year 1895, in the Urban Sanitary District of Liverpool, classified according to Diseases and Localities. Names of Localities adopted for the Population Ages AT ALL j New Cases of Sickness in ea<| of the Medic h Locality, coming to the al Officer of Health. Knowledge 1 Number of such Cases Removed from thei Localities for Treatment in Isol/i R HoM lTION 1 [ES IN loSPITA THE SE xs. VERAL [ -- — — — —- 9 10 11 -f 0 3 , e* 6 rr / 8 9 10 11 purpose of these Statistics; Public Institutions being shown as separate localities. O 1C5 o . 1 0 w 3 4 ** 0 1 6 i 8 1 2 0 uQ Q) r-» .2 s sc >3 a) i-H CO Fevers. « c3 3 • rH d V) 2 Fevers. eg* Si © O 1 • DISTRICTS AND WARDS. Census, 1891. a ° ~ © • rH ‘ \ -M 33 33 tJ X o .s •+3 f—H cS • rH Sh © -3 r-' O « £ S-i 3 rO O V) 3 • 0 rd • rH • r-H • © 3 a 7s Sh © o3 Si © O CO c3 ? 1 #Ph X 0 On 73 • rH S-H rS § §■ si 3 •§ s m 3 33 .2 rs t- 0 u ^ T3 © 3 rH ip rH • rH 02 o, r *H c5 © 33 4 • rH CQ >> ' lPh> («•) (/,) a S (c.) (d.) c3 £ w Si O m 33 4 • 1—1 P £ Q © § r3 4 H © 3 A £ 0 ©■ w H 3 • rH 4^ rH 6 4 ct © P 4 Si © 3 Ph i3 O Sh w £ m aJ O m 4 • rH P 3 O © 4 >» H -g © & • rH 3 O O ji © Ph Si © 3 4 0 w Scotland .. 53713 ■ 47820 2144 5 164 21 15 51 163 14 1 14 155 5 70 3 1 50 72 2 • • 1 Exchange 47738 40476 1325 5 118 (-7 i 4 25 86 6 • • 5 126 5 62 1 24 36 4 « • • • • • ; Abercromby 55530 51154 1676 8 160 33 7 9 105 5 4 92 8 79 16 • • 9 23 2 • • • • • • j Everton (H) 110556 110688 4287 5 665 38 U 50 247 8 14 141 5 317 9 2 48 110 1 •• . • • • • . iirkdale .. 66131 67810 2411 3 424 29 10 4 196 6 8 52 3 121 5 • • 4 76 1 * " • • | Vest Derby 76971 78913 2858 1 340 53 6 10 191 9 1 7 119 1 117 11 • • 10 66 3 • • • • North Toxteth .. 65548 65945 1 00 232 30 10 *> O 67 1 2 119 21 81 10 1 2 23 1 • • • • • • V 3746 >outh Toxteth (H H) .. 41793 41161 J 64 103 10 6 0 58 6 2 148 64 47 2 3 9 A* 30 • • • • Valton (H) 40304 52263 1439 5 164 7 3 l 45 1 1 • • PH i 5 44 1 • • 32 . . • • • • A est Derby (Rural) (H) 36349 38528 1099 «*> f 120 16 9 Li 1 41 4 1 20 3 40 2 • • 1 20 1 • • • • • Wavertree 13764 15098 405 2 61 7 1 i 27 2 • • 2 12 2 13 • • 13 • • • • • • Toxteth (Rural) .. 21046 28435 616 • • 116 11 2 • • 50 5 • • 30 9 4 • » * * 21 3 • • • O . oc 1 • *«* rH Workhouses and Hospitals. . *<*2 J • • • • 1 35 • • 6 11 • • 1 • • 38 1 25 • • 6 • • • • • • • • 12 migrants, Seamen, Ac., passing through the City • • • • - • 4 8 1 • • • • 19 1 • • • • 12 4 8 1 .. 13 1 • • • • • • • • Total** 629443 638291 | 22006 m J 2710 263 77 162 1306 68 2 61 • • 1071 127 1039 64 8 156 535 19 • • " 12 1 Notification of Infectious Disease compulsory in the District since 1st September, 181)0. (H) The localities in which the Isolation Hospitals are situated. (fj '.'I * 1870 1877 1891 Average Death-rate 32 5 Average Death-rate 20'1 per 1000 Average Death-rate 25'0 per 1000 Average Death-rate 28 5 per 1000. (corrected) Death-rate per 1000. 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 36 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 DURING THE YEAR ENDING SATURDAY, 28th DECEMBER. 1895. CAUSE OK MEATH. All C apses. —Zymotic Diseases .. —I )i»ea»oH of Uncertain or Variable Seat Tubercular Diseases . Diseases of the Brain, Spinal Marrow, Ac. Discasca of t li«* Heart ami Bhwxl \ c«*eln . — MineawoK of the Lungs, Ac. Disease* of the Stomach, Liver, Ac. —IHseases of the Kulnevs, Ac. Childbirth, Disease* of the Uterus, Ac. Rheumatism, Diseases of the Joints, Ac. - Diseases of the Skin, Cellular Tiwur, Ac —Malformation" . — Premature Birth . —Atrophy ami Debility. —Old Age . . - Privation, ('old, Ac. —Violence, Ac . < 'annex not s|H*oitied. SEX. AGE—BELOW. Male V* male 1 •» 0 | 10 16 20 25 30 40 BO 60 70 80 90 08 V 7053 7000 3855 1529 999 423 204 252 341 368 1034 1250 1401) 1256 804 240 19 1 1264 1293 961 600 431 134 43 32 48 35 79 60 45 52 37 10 212 273 4 8 ♦> 3 4 9 11 55 104 145 90 35 8 842 <159 143 122 HI 76| 42 83 131 136 305 345 105 27 4 1 643 650 378 108 74 43 19 18 16 14 57 130 152 145 116 20 8 377 410 7 2 13 17 30 28 30 107 126 200 156 90 14 1 1751 1855 788 467 278 73 29 26 40 43 198 272 501 510 299 74 8 359 417 261 Ins 34 14 15 12 19 17 46 76 86 62 24 2 229 143 6 0 6 4 10 9 13 20 46 77 81 57 31 7 59 2 7 14 19 16 1 •• 31 3 l 1 6 5 6 4 i 3 3 1 io 15 5 1 28 36 25 8 1 2 3 3 3 4 4 4 .. 19 30 47 a 191 153 344 414 338 650 73 is 2 •2 . • 110 203 61 U7 97 7 1 582 413 236 24 60 55 20 32 27 42 iio 147 132 77 *21 8 1 2 1 1 1 11Cla*» 1.—Small Pox Measles ., Scarlatina Whooping Cough Croup Membranous Croup Diarrhtea Dysentery Cholera iufantuin j Simple Continued Kover < Typhus { Typhoid Erysipelas Syphilis I hphtheria Thrush .. Puerperal Fever Itheumaiic Fever Quinsy Ague t 'hicken Pox Purpura .. Influenza Clang *2.—Mn»|»y Leucocythemia ( sneer .. Gangrene Hcrmophilia Amemia Tumour Carbuncle Cellulitis Gout Lymphadenouia My x icilc not Clan* 3.—Scrofula .. Tabes Mesenteries Phthisis. Hydrocephalus .. Clan* 4.—Inflammation of Brain, Ac. Apoplexy Otitis. Paralysis Chorea .. Epilepsy Convulsions InHamation of Eyes Disease of Brain, Ac. Congestion of Brain Myelitis .. Disease of Spine Alcoholism Spinal Meningitis Cerebro spinal Meningitis Clast 5.—Disease of Heart Angina Pectoris Valvular Disease Aneurism Hemorrhage Syncope Embolism Clan* 6.—Bronchitis Pneumonia Asthma Disease of Lungs, Ac. . t^ongestion of Lungs Pleurisy ,. laryngitis Laryngismus Stridulus Emphysema Haemoptysis Disease of Larnyx Cta** 7.—Teething Inflammation of Stomach Inflammation of Bowels Lead Poisoning.. Peritonitis Hydatids Disease of Stomach. Ac. Stricture of Pylorus Disease of liver.. Ileus Hernia Stricture of (Esophagus Call Stones Disease of Rectum I >isea*e of Pharynx Tonsillitis Fistula .. Hiematemesis Ascites Stomatitis Colic Clann S Disease of Kidneys, Ac. Diabetes.. Nephria Disease of Supra-renal Capsule Disease of Prostate Disease of Bladder Stricture of Urethra . Extravasation of Urine Cla** If. Childbirth Mala Puerperis Iucidentia Disease of Uterus Disease of Ovary Pelvic Cellulitis Cla** 10. Rheumatism Disease of Bones and Joints Class ll.—Abscess .. Ulcer Pyaemia .. Septicaemia Disease of Skin Class 1". — Natural Cause* Drowned Suffocated Burns Scalds Accidentally Killed Injuries—no Evidence.. Excessive Drinking Manslaughter Accidentally Poisoned Accidentally Choked Accidentally Shot Murder Found Dead Exposure to Cold Want of Attention after Birth Effects of Immersion in Dock Sunstroke Improper Feeding Hydrophobia Suffocated by Coal Gas Effects of Swalling a Bone l Drowning I Poison Jumping from a Window .§ { Cut Throat £ j Hanging. I Stabbing . .. I Shooting. . Causes not specified.. Mai.ks Females. 180 73 104 15 25 525 II 4 4 !<> 80 13 31 42 0 1 170 0 2 208 0 0 493 9 3 is 00 12 81 45 i IMS 15 19 S » 1 1 4 69 63 00 59 688 117 GO «0 125 124 10 I 68 | 1 23 1 190 1 62 8 5 3 4 2 284 o 70 9 3 8 1 971 639 16 4 61 25 15 9 4 6 1 26 55 32 15 1 1 1 3 39 15 122 1 6 26 13 8 23 12 i 1 4 I 118 1 33 107 26 16 ! 147 15 59 7 4 1 1 2 I 1 2 1 14 1 3 11 7053 118 | 51 7 I 61 9 I 40 040 li| I 158 22 117 lo 12 242 1 1 138 172 7 90 2 20 I 141 62 267 354 | 1 78 I 2 5 4 2 1235 503 | 11 1 65 I 16 10 5 I 1 4 I 33 112 30 | 1 32 | 1 83 I 30 16 | 1 1 3 I 6 I 1 4 1 3 2 [ 1 21 13 I 100 | 1 21 17 10 | 9 17 13 [ 513 220 42 63 1 18 I 122 | ;> "is 19 1 10 , 200 1 4 I 3 1 121 72 103 9 17 61 12 1 28 24 17 69 45 22 12 18 15 34 I 35 27 93 1 j 3 I 233 218 1 12 I 1 1 50 6 44 2 | 3 HI.') 198 2 *2 I 28 5 19 18 35 8 3 15 2 1 I 19 10 •: i 17 I i i 1 23 1 16 i 47 I "i 11 l 207! 771 i 493 208 7000 1776 758 506 215 27 9 7 74 jo4 18 12 5 I 18 ; 6 ! i:io ; 5 1 2 2 i 10 1 1 11 13 4 J 8 3 106 98 132 ' 173 164 120 168 ' 204 41 6 70 103 1 1 9 7 2 13 I 1 23 t> l\ 2 22 I 6 37 ' 3 1 93 297 1 “ ! ? 12 9 54 27 9 144 107 6 7 i 4 30 | 1 | 1 3 1 50 6 2 « 26 3 I 32 3 1 1 3 ik> 4 101 i 12 1 78 1 34 t 27 5 7 4 5 3 6 39 8 3 i i 1 15 n I 154 | 35 5 351 114 5 1 16 10 10 I 9 i 30 9 I 9 I 1 13 1 56 134 1 16 414 71 9 9 5 1 ’l I 7 , 4 36 | vl 1 I 258 27 4 50 6 5 3 1 33 2 21 1 1 539 | 666 495 | 593 731 i 593 315 4 ! 1 I 12 | l 2 82 738 663 i 489 158 18 1 I Scotland Waul. I HOI 200 (0 111 98 50 403 67 17 4 7 20 136 18 133 31 6 54 1 9 152 1 285 98 II si Vain hall Ward. 195 50 I 14 17 <; iio 11 4 I 1 1 5 6 1 Halo Struct DUtrlct. 10 > Saint Pauli Ward. 142 91 8 13 12 8 41 8 4 Hi clianx” Ward. 127 17 20 1 11 28 I ii UlInKton District. Saint Anne's Ward. 482 01 0 88 30 26 150 88 7 Llmo Htroot Ward. 171 20 8 17 12 Hi 17 13 8 SI George's DUtrlct. Castle Saint Strool Peter's Ward Ward. 17 J 35 24 106 29 37 15 1 9 3 3 12 4 :>i '> 2 13 1 7 3 9 1 70 66 72 61 250 85 232 j 86 i ; 6 9 I 39 8 38 St. Thomas's DUtrlct. Pitt Groat Strool George Ward Ward 140 28 8 14 5 8 48 10 2 197 34 6 16 28 8 08 10 4 19 72 90 68 107 Mount Pleasant I dstrict Rodney A her Htroot crornby Ward Ward 281 41 13 28 28 29 62 22 10 4 1 2 10 14 301 41 15 42 27 33 60 12 10 2 1 8 ii 0 9 38 15 10 136 128 145 173 25*22 027 01 227 255 114 722 182 34 9 5 15 6 87 158 57 92 21 88 6 2 229 27 31 145 24 46 460 220 4 1 24 6 5 1216 1306 1422 309 40 159 136 61 847 98 26 4 3 4 8 37 98 23 71 44 19 45 o 4 150 10 23 107 19 183 119 1 29 6 6 1 1 West Derby 1613 316 48 201 i n; 80 898 80 38 7 8 10 8 72 86 49 70 1 690 732 3 109 23 28 130 20 10 206 145 9 22 5 o 5 1 812 801 Toitoth Park District North South L’pool Toitoth Toitoth house 1246 1001 1170 201 213 78 59 24 63 114 65 217 133 116 104 76 46 116 356 304 294 93 58 29 30 17 30 8 5 1 3 18 6 5 5 8 0 29 27 8 56 56 55 24 19 60 55 44 91 1 28 32 6 4 2 31 l! 37 3 3 81 ”l j 3 101 1 1 83 2 1 1 8 8 1 1 5 1 1 5 17 71 2 2 1 1 4 1 1 i 2 ; 3 1 23 1) 1 1 2 51 IS 54 4 "■2 T 2 1 1 1 1 2 "* ’ 2 I 1 j 9 4 9 ;> 8 88 49 207 | 8 4 1 41 29 5 j 39 23 22 12 , 3 45 j 3 2 ’is 29 46 4 6 7 3 9 1 1 1 5 "l 1 58 38 110 ic 7 1 3 3 2 211 191 212 128 98 73 2 1 12 9 2 2 2 5 2 1 1 1 12 7 1 6 7 6 33 23 14 1 1 10 3 0 9 4 1 14 5 3 _2 5 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 4 1 3 5 15 7 23 "7 1 "2 1 4 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 16 1 2 3 * * 4 6 2 1 10 6 34 2 2 19 20 3 3 2 4 12 io 16 2 4 2 1 22 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 595 465 641 651 536 529 HOSPITALS. Mount Pleasant District ] Groat fi -j Howard "O'C | Street i m , DUtrlct) 2 5 Evorton District. 255 6 47 21 9 34 29 82 46 2 2 l 29 I Infirm 116 12 6 23 7 « 26 7 4 10 ; .. a = s _• If l! a u 8 2 16 134 4 3 14 12 13 14 6 10 .H . 8 7 9 I 7 9 10 j •f! 1-55 n 10 3 Toitoth Park District. 1-3 H 5 = 456 210 50 108 25 9 49 89 34 12 25 96 j 16 69 26 46 18 66 j 23 1 1 . 30 5 6 5 4 1 2 39 , 10 1 12 3 28 17 1 2 20 1 1 1 .. .. 2 10 4 2 39 2 1 4 3 17 | 2 13 .. 3 1 28 10 1 ! 2 1 .. 6 • I 49 I 3 1 | 19 14 26 | 3 i l 8 1 1 1 2 2 35 7 29 11 4 3 30 159 63 96 | 53 1 1 1 14 2 15 9 I . 8 J 9 11 2 6 30 20 1 1 1 1 i : i i 14053 2557 485 1501 1293 823 3606 776 372 59 61 64 49 344 752 313 995 3 12 362 143 372 21 34 1018 14 4 23 170 25 62 87 7 25 23 8 I 9 122 8 2 388 21 2 26 14 2 8 3 5 6 132 149 1100 120 263 296 23 158 3 43 337 124 15 6 8 7 638 3 148 11 8 12 3 2208 1142 27 5 126 41 25 14 8 7 5 116 60 224 2 49 58 13S 62 31 10 107 47 29 .. 231 146 21 55 | 11 6 27 38 26 10 225 64 29 53 19 211 35 225 77 23 24 105 12 6 1 1 6 1 4 1 2 1 1 1 i 1 2 22 3 3 12 1 3 7053 7000 * > ■ — — INQUESTS. (INCORPORATED AREAS), DURING THE YEAR ENDING SATURDAY, 28th DECEMBER, 1895. CAUSE OF DEATH. All Causes VI. ' II. A * • VII. -Zymotic Diseases . )i»e:i -s of Uncertain or Variable Seat.. ), rc liar Diseases. 1 . - - s of the Brain, Spinal Marrow, &c. -Diseases of the Lungs, &e. - Diseases of the Stomach, Liver, &e. i . . . s of the Kidneys, &c. 'niidhirtb, Diseases of the Uterus, &c.. UhuHioatism, Diseases of the Joints, &c. 11 < s of the Skin, Cellular Tissue, &c Malformations . Premature Birth . Atrophy and Debility . * 'I,i Age . -Violence, &c. .. Causes not specified SEX. Male. 1235 157 55 148 160 293 73 45 9 3 7 38 60 04 27 10 Fe. male. 1336 162 74 132 179 312 82 41 18 9 8 1 30 50 98 21 AGE—BELOW. CUui 1.—S Class 2.—( Class 7-—Teething Inflammation of Stomach Inflammation of Bowels Peritonitis Disease of Stomach, &c. Disease of Liver Hernia .. Htematemisis Colic Ileus Fistula .. Gall Stones Sore Throat Class 8.—Disease of Kidneys, &c. Nephria ... Diabetes Disease of Bladder Disease of Prostate Stricture of Urethra Disease of Supra-renal Capsule Class 9.—Childbirth Mala Puerperis Incidentia Disease of Uterus Disease of Ovary Pelvic Abscess .. Pelvic Cellulitis Class 10.—Rhuematism Disease of Bones and Joints Class 11.—Abscess .. Ulcer Pyoemia .. Disease of Skin.. Septicaemia (Class 17.—Natural Causes Drowned Suffocated Burns Hanged for Murder Scalds Accidentally Killed Accidentally Poisoned.. Injuries, no Evidence .. Excessive Drinking ^ j Lying on Railway Line ■3 | Poison. "3 I Hanging. w (.Shooting.. Causes not specified -Small Poi 1 Measles .. id 20 Scarlatina 9 12 Whooping Cough 20 20 Croup 8 2 Membranous Croup .. .. 7 Diarrhoea 48 42 Dysentery 2 1 Cholera Infantum 6 10 Fever \ T>’Uhua- - . 1 *e'er | Typhoid . 12 15 Erysipelas 1 Syphilis .. . . 1 Diphtheria 5 <i Puerperal Fever 6 Khuematic Fever / 1 Indueuza 17 22 Chicken Pox 1 -Cancer .. 45 69 Gangrene 1 1 Anajmia .. 2 2 Carbuncle 2 Gout I Tumour .. 1 Cellulitis 3 Disease of Glands 1 1 -Scrofula .. 15 17 Tabes Meseuterica 15 9 Phthisis .. 107 98 Hydrocephalus .. 11 8 -Inflammation of Brain, &c. 19 13 Apoplexy 53 64 Paralysis 29 39 Epilepsy.. 1 6 Convulsions 48 42 Disease of Brain, &c. .. 12 19 Alcoholism 1 1 Disease of Spine 3 3 Myelitis .. 1 Chorea .. 1 —Disease of Heart 63 82 Valvular Disease 13 22 Anuerism 1 Syncope .. 3 3 Haemorrhage 3 —Bronchitis 183 208 Pnueinonia 91 85 Asthma .. O 6 Congestion of Lungs, &c, 7 7 Pleurisy .. 2 2 Emphysema 2 1 Laryngitis 4 1 Laryngismus Stridulus 1 2 Hsemoptysis 1 Disease of Larynx 1 4 29 5 3 3 1 Malks .. Females 10 1 1 3 1 1 2 1 10 1235 26 24 5 8 7 7 15 25 1 3 2 1 12 20 6 2 1336 DISTRICTS. 1 2 5 10 I 15 20 25 30 40 50 ()0 ; 70 80 90 95 Walton. West Derby. 2 M D U 08 £_ 586 120 3 26 86 no 56 0 3 8 68 97 "2 3 162 50 is 20 48 12 O 12 102 48 is 9 1 16 4 1 5 5 55 19 11 3 1 12 3 1 1 ’ 3 1 36 C P2 5 3 0 1 4 ' 36 6 io 2 6 4 2 2 1 2 1 52 6 29 *3 6 2 1 1 4 58 8 2 30 5 2 4 1 0 4 182 14 10 64 17 15 22 14 11 7 ’ 8 211 9 28 60 20 27 45 16 8 1 1 5 1 269 11 33 10 45 38 75 15 21 4 5 1 1 ’ 7 3 382 12 34 6 74 44 135 18 20 ”7 3 22 5 2 337 <9 16 1 52 43 102 12 12 ”l 3 ’83 2 1 97 1 3 "7 o 22 4 1 52 l 5 753 151 25 88 97 48 139 64 21 7 2 4 2-i 42 21 15 3 611 76 32 59 83 45 135 32 22 4 1 5 1 27 30 33 20 6 222 25 12 36 28 14 46 12 3 1 5 1 "3 16 16 3 1 1 5 14 ii 3 . . i9 7 4 2 10 5 1 1 2 8 3 25 10 5 • 25 9 3 5 2 10 1 3 1 2 3 9 1 69 13 1 2 1 2 1 1 . . 1 46 21 12 1 1 1 , , , , 1 1 . . 9 6 1 • • • • " •• • • I io 1 1 1 3 1 ".3 2 3 1 6 ’ 3 4 1 # # 6 ’ 8 "l 1 1 . . 1 u . . 2 7 1 1 H 7 3 2 1 2 1 2 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 5 .. 2 1 2 4 4 3 10 7 1 8 17 4 1 • • • • * * 1 10 27 31 29 13 3 24 26 12 1 1 1 1 2 1 Q .. ., 2 . • .. 1 1 1 . . _2 1 9 . . .. 1 1 I . . * 6 9 7 1 2 1 1 1 3 1 9 7 10 12 6 3 2 1 9 5 3 1 2 9 9 2S 29 61 49 io 6 1 62 46 19 7 3 3 6 8 1 4 11 10 3 3 3 1 1 Hi 10 3 1 2 5 5 22 42 25 5 19 12 12 5 5 17 25 14 2 4 19 3 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 75 10 5 ., . . , , . . 46 26 8 , , 1 2 9 7 3 5 11 9 11 1 1 . . . . 2 . . 1 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 •• •• • • • • 1 •• .. . •• • • 1 1 1 2 5 1 2 8 17 31 34 38 5 38 34 10 1 2 7 8 6 8 2 1 8 7 3 1 , . . . . 2 1 3 1 4 1 2 • • • • •• 1 • • 1 59 18 2 3 3 2 1 13 21 51 111 88 18 1 71 70 26 43 28 13 6 3 4 3 8 18 18 17 13 2 55 55 15 1 9 4 • . #, 3 1 2 4 O 1 2 2 1 . . 2 4 7 1 1 1 1 • . 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 ,. ,. • . 1 1 • • 3 1 1 3 1 1 •• 1 •• • • •• • • •• • • 1 • • 12 1 3 2 2 2 3 1 6 1 31 9 3 1 1 ,, 1 4 s . < • • 25 5 4 1 1 4 4 1 I 1 s, 8 1 2 3 1 1 1 9 3 1 1 1 3 4 1 5 1 1 7 5 11 6 4 i5 13 3 1 1 9 1 1 .. 1 ,, 2 .. .. 1 2 1 2 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 • • •• 1 •• ! 1 1 1 1 2 2 6 2 1 6 1 1 1 1 8 6 14 8 5 4 13 10 2 1 2 2 3 2 1 6 4 •. 1 2 2 1 1 .. 1 2 1 1 1 • 1 • • 1 2 2 1 .. 1 0 3 4 1 2 1 2 2 1 1 ,, 1 . , . . •• 1 •• * * 1 3 6 1 1 2 2 • • 1 1 * * 2 1 • • • • • • 2 * * 3 1 ., ,. . , 1 1 1 2 1 ,, ., .. , , 1 2 T .. 1 ,, , , 1 ., .. • • 1 ,, •, ,, .. 1 • • •• •• • 1 1 •• 1 1 2 3 1 1 1 3 5 3 1 . 1 1 ,, ,, .. , , ! 1 2 .. ,, ,. , , 1 . , 1 1 1 ,. ., 1 1 ,, 2 2 1 1 1 ,. 1 2 1 3 1 7 5 1 ,, ., 1 1 •, 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 2 ,, 1 1 1 i 1 1 .. ,, 1 1 9 • • ■ • 1 • • •• •• 1 3 • • •• 1 1 1 • • 1 3 2 1 • • 1 3 6 1 330 75 45 30 18 9 30 18 86 103 130 174 150 37 •• 375 273 100 256 87 57 25 18 27 22 40 96 108 139 208 187 60 6 r 338 122 s H O H 42 10 32 28 Hi 62 26 17 3 2 1 "7 10 9 5 3 3 5 1 11 0 4 6 18 4 1 12 2 1 8 I 13 2 38 19 13 1 3 3 4 1U 1 1 1 PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS. Walton District. West Derby Jintrict Toxteth District. W alton Workhouse Belmont Road Workhouse St Joseph’s Home. Priory Road Hospital. Mill Lane Hospital. Toxteth Workhouse Saint Augustine's Home. Turner Memorial Home. 380 5 27 26 50 26 131 12 11 1 8 3 2 9 67 2 32 1 5 3 1 • » 1 4 1 31 3 1 16 3 ' 8 7 7 7 7 241 6 22 34 46 36 8 7 2 1 3 3 8 2 3 ,, 9 .. 3 2 2 6 2£ : 4 2 1 ] 1 1 2 1 • * 1 4 • • 1 •• 4 ’ 3 T •• 1 1 .. 1 1 ;; .. 3 22 1 21 2 •• •• • • * * 2 • • • • •• 1 1 2 1 25 5 30 1 1 9 34 1 1 14 . . 2 I 9 2 1 23 3 2 I 4 . . 1 1 2 1 4 ’ 2 • • •• • • 15 1 31 1 2 11 4 .. | 1 • • 1 124 12 15 34 1 6 1 24 1 1 . . . . 2 •• 1 1 • • 1 3 1 , , 9 1 1 , , ,. . . 1 ,, 2 9 ,. 4 1 1 1 •• 2 1 1 1 7 1 1 5 1 1 1 •• •• • • 1 1 •• •• •• T •• ■■ •• 1 8 . • . . * * i " 1 2 ,, 1 1 1 .. •• •• 1 " 1 " •• •• 1 1 •• 2 i •• * • 3 193 2- If 5 2 4 11 5 4 6 9 187 1 1 5 5 3 12 6 5 86 18 18 11 8 68 48 13 1 36 21 40 10 7 90 3 16 1 27 1 1 11 6 8 39 1 2 4 2 1 1 3 2 32 24 205 19 32 107 68 7 90 31 2 6 1 1 145 35 1 6 3 391 176 i 14 4 3 5 3 1 1 13 11 50 13 14 40 4 3 1 3 1 1 1 16 49 11 5 11 7 4 3 2 1 1 10 4 1 2 1 1 15 1 o 5 1 o 2 1 13 1235 1336 PHILIPS’ NEW PLAN OF GREATER LIVERPOOL The Map is divided into half-mile squares. DEBB’ Jfjytok CUibmoor K 'JITXD SMALLPOX AND TYPHUS CASES NOTIFIED DURING 1895. (ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.)