tto i1 ^ w r! iLh M-UU.. /v'Xs'ty Ct' l*S'i pEXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXX 1 X X Mi X x * X * X Mi X X X * X $ $ X a * X £ j* X Mi Mi X X * Ml Mi X Mi X Mi Mi Mi Mi X X X X >11 Mi Mi X X Mi Mi eS Mi Mi Mi Mi XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX Mi Mi Mi X Mi Mi Mi Mi Mi Mi Mi Mi Mi Mi Mi Ml Mi Mi Mi Ml Mi i Mi I Ml Mi Mi Mi Mi Mi fl4 & X i Mi iti Mi 1 Mi Mi Mi Mi Mi Mi Ml Mi Mi Mi Mi Mi LEXDEN AND WINSTREE RURAL DISTRICT COUNCIL ANNUAL REPORT B.CEDICAL OFFICER OF HEALTH 1961 ■ 4* ' \ ^. I »r / mm? , Ml W Mi Mi Mi Mi Mi Mi Mi Mi Mi Mi Mi Rebow Chambops Sir Isaac's Walk, Colchester. Mi Mi Mi Mi Mi Mi Mi Mi Ml a Mi I Mi Mi Mi Mi $ Mi Mi X Mi ft Mi Mi Mi H $ Mi Mi Mi Mi Mi Mi Mi Mi pi Mi I Mi g a Mi Mi Mi Mi Ml Mi Mi * Mi £xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxs$xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx$ Mi Mi Mi Ml Mi X Mi Mi Mi k|M a Mi Ml S Mi Mi Mi Mi X Mi in XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX CONTENTS Members of the Public Health Committee Public Health Department staff 'Statistics and social circumstances of the area Extracts from vital statistics Deaths in the various a^e groups Causes of death table Notifiable disease General provisions of health services for the area Public Health Inspector's report Progress in Slum Clearance during 1961 Housing ' • Details of Houses and Population with mains water Water and typical analyses Sewerage Pood premises Meat and other Foods table Factories Act? 1937 Page 1 2 3 4-5 6 6 11 12 13 14-18 19 19 20 21-22 Tel. Colchester 72823 Rebow Chambers, Sir Isaac’s Walk, Colchester 3rd September, 1962 To the Chairman and Members of the Lexden and Winstree Rural District Council Mr. Chairman, Ladies and Gentlemen, I have pleasure in presenting my report for 1961. I have to thank the members of the Council and the Council’s staff for their assistance throughout the year. I have the honour to be Your obedient Servant, E. A. HARGREAVES Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2017 with funding from Wellcome Library https://archive.org/details/b29730521 LEXLEN & WINSTREE RURAL DISTRICT COUNCIL 1961 - 1962 Chairman of the Council: Majj.Gen. F. W. BURCH, C. S. I. , C. I. E. , M. C. ,D. L. , J. P. Vice-Chairman of the Council Mrs. C. M. COCK Clerk to the Council D. S. MITCHELL, M.A. (Oxon) PUBLIC HEALTH COMMITTEE Chairman: Mrs. 0. M. Cock Vice-Chairman: Lt.Col. Mrs. F. M. Browning Mr. L. A. Ellerton Mrs. G. W. R. Lucking Mrs. B. Marsh Mr. H. C. Percival Round, D.L, ., J.p. Mr. S. G. Pewter Mr. R. J. Thomas Mr. Gr* w. War d Mr. c. P. Willis Mr. T. 0. Woodard PUBLIC HEALTH DEPARTMENT STAFF as at 31st December, 1961 Medical Officer of Health E. A. HARGREAVES, M. R. C. S. , L. R. C. P. ,D. P. H. also Medical Officer of Health to the Wivenhoe U.D.C., West Mersea U.D.C. and Assistant County and School Medical Officer, Essex County Council. Chief Public Health Inspector, Engineer and Surveyor G. A. GRAVES, M.I. Mun.E.,M.R.S.H. Additional Public Health Inspector and Surveyor H. S. CARTWRIGHT, M.A.P.H.I., CertR.San.I R. G. MORLEY s M.A.P.H.I., Cert.R.S.H. Clerk 0. S. DALTON Council Offices, Rebow Chambers, Sir Isaac’s Walk, Colches ten Tel: Colchester 72823 STATISTICS AND SOCIAL CIRCUMSTANCES OR 'THE AREA GENERAL STATISTICS Area of the District (acres) Number of parishes Estimated population Rateable Value 31.3,62 Sum represented by a penny rate 32 22,710 £22.6,524 66,584 1961/62 £910 7,406 1,462^ Number of houses in the District Number of houses owned by the Council SOCIAL CONDITIONS The district occupies an area partially surrounding the Borough of Colchester; its northern boundary is the River Stour, which separates it from Suffolk. South-east of Colchester its eastern boundary is the River Colne and the Blackwater Estuary. While the district is mainly rural, development is taking place rapidly in the ring of villages surrounding Colchester and these serve increasingly as dormitory areas for persons employed in the town. Most of the area is occupied by agricultural holdings and a quarter of the employed population find their livelihood in agriculture and allied trades. The remaining three-quarters serve a wide range of different occupations, rather more than a third being employed outside the district, mainly in Colchester. EXTRACTS FROM VITAL STATISTICS LIVE BIRTHS Births Male Female Total Legitimate 173 142 315 Illegitimate 13 9 22 Total No. of live births 186 151 337 _ Live birth rate per I>000 estimated resident population 14. 8 Comparability factor for the district 1.15 Live birth rate per 1,000 population (corrected) 17.0 Live birth rate per 1,000 for England and Wales 17.4 Illegitimate live births (as % of total live births) 7.2% STILL BIRTHS Births Male Female Total Legitimate 1 3 4 Illegitimate 0 0 0 Total No. , of still birth£ 3L .. 3 4 Still birth rate uer 1,000 total (live and still) births 11.4 Still birth rate as above for England and Wales 18.7 TOTAL NUMBER OF BIRTHS 341 INFANT MORTALITY Deaths of infants under 1 year of age Deaths Male Female Total Legitimate Illegitimate 6 3 10 Total number of de a ths 6 3 10 Deaths of infants unde r 4 we eks of age M F 4 l Deaths of infants under 1 week of age 4 1 Infant mortality rate per 1,000 live births Legitimate infant deaths per 1,000 legitimate live births Illegitimate infant deaths per 1,000 illegitimate live births Infant mortality rate England and Wales (Legitimate Neonatal mortality rate per 1,000 (illegitimate live births (All (Legitimate Early neonatal mortality rate (Ist(Illegitimate week) per 1,000 related births (All Perinatal mortality rate (stillbirths plus deaths during 1st week) per 1,000 total live and still births. Maternal deaths Maternal mortality rate M E Deaths 169 169 Death rate per 1,000 estimated resident population Comparability figure Corrected death rate England and Wales Total 5 5 29.7 31.4 0 21.4 15.7 0 14.8 15.7 0 14.8 29.3 0 0 Total 338 14.9 .71 10.58 12.0 Deaths in the various age groups (local statistics) Age Number of 0 - 1 year 8 1 - 2 ye ars — 2 - 5 1? - 5 - 15 if 4 15 - 25 11 1 25 - 35 11 5 35 - 45 1? 5 45 - 55 11 14 55 - 65 11 34 65 - 75 1! 71 75 and over 196 Deaths 338 CAUSES OF DEATH Respiratory tuberculosis Whooping cough •Other infective and parasitic diseases Malignant neoplasm - Stomach * Lung and bronchus Breast Uterus Other malignant and lymphatic neoplasms Leukaemia and aleu.kaemia Diabetes Vascular lesions of nervous system Coronary disease, angina Hypertension with heart disease Other heart disease Other circulatory disease Influenza Pneumonia Bronchitis Ulcer of stomach and duodenum Nephritis and nephrosis Hyperplasia of prostate Other defined and ill-defined diseases Motor vehicle accidents All other accidents Suicide M 1 3 9 0 0 19 1 2 18 25 1 17 6 0 8 16 3 4 3 26 2 4 l F 1 1 0 1 2 4 1 15 0 1 32 20 1 21 15 5 3 5 4 o 0 33 2 1 1 Total 1 1 1 4 11 4 1 34 1 3 50 45 2 38 21 5 11 21 7 4 3 59 4 5 2 169 169 338 NOTIFIABLE DISEASE Table of Notifiable Disease Notification of Tuberculosis Four notifications of tuberculosis were received all in males.* 3 eases of pulmonary disease aged l6, 22 and 40 respectively, one case of tubercular glands aged 5 GENERAL PROVISION OF HEALTH SERVICES FOR THE AREA LABORATORY FACILITIES There has been no change in the facilities described in the last report. The Laboratories available are situated at:- The Essex County Hospital The Public Health Laboratory, Woodbridge Road, Ipswich 'The Counties Laboratory Thresh House, Verulam Street, Grays Inn Road, W.C.l .AMBULANCE Non-emergency ambulance calls are not accepted from the general public. To obtain an ambulance in an emergency, it is merely necessary to lift the telephone receiver and ask for an ambulance. If there is a dialling system in operation, dial 999? ’O’ of ’ 01? and ask for an ambulance. HEALTH SERVICES PROVIDED BY THE ESSEX COUNTY COUNCIL Ante-natal and post-natal clinics Midwives Nursing in the home Health visiting Mental welfare Home Helps Vaccination and Immunisation against Diphtheria, Whooping Cough, Poliomyelitis and Tuberculosis. Provision of nursing equipment and apparatus School Health Service Ante-natal and post-natal clinics are held at the Health Services Clinic, Culver Street, Colchester, at 2,30 p.m, on Tuesdays and Thursdays. Infant Welfare Clinics are held in t e following villages:- TIPTREE:- Friday at the Bianca Hall at 2 p.m. LAYER-de-la-HAYE:- Second Thursday at the Women’s Institute at 2 p.m. ROWHEDGE:- First and third Thursdays at the Pavilion, Rectory Road at 2 p.m. ABBERTON:- Second Tuesday at the Village Hall at 2. p.m. STANWAY:- First and third Tuesdays at St.Albright’s Hall at 2 p.m. DEDHAM:- Second and fourth Thursdays at the Hewitt Hall at 2 p.m. GREAT HORKESLHY:- First Wednesday at the Men's Social Club at 2. p.m. BOXTED:- Last Wednesday at the Methodist Church Hall at 2 p.m. FORDHAM: - Second Friday at the Village Hall at 2 p.m. MARKS TEY:- 'Third Wednesday at the Labour Hall at 2 p.m. GREAT TEY: - Third Tuesday at the Village Hall at 2. p.m. Assistance from the Home Help Service is obtained by communicating with the Area Organiser, Area Office, Trinity Street, Colchester. Telephone Colchester 6251 extension 3. HEALTH SERVICES PROVIDED BY THE REGIONAL HOSPITAL BOARD Tuberculosis The Chest Clinic is situated at St.Mary’s Hospital, Popes Lane, Colchester and is open daily. V.D. Sessions held at the Essex County Hospital on Mondays 5 p.m. to 7 p.m. for males and females. Friday 2. p.m. to 4 p.m. for males and females. NATIONAL ASSISTANCE (AMENDMENT) ACT It was not necessary to arrange the compulsory removal of any persons to hospital under the above Act. The Chairman and Members of the Lexden and Wins tree R. D.C. Mr. Chairman, Ladies and Gentlemen, I beg to submit my report of work carried oat during the year ending 31st December, 1961. INSPECTIONS Premises visited - Public Health Acts 784 Housing Act, 1936 462 _ 1246 Work in progress and property under notice (visits thereto) Public Health Acts 366 Housing Act, 1936 704 1070 Slaughterhouse inspections 108 Shops and food premises inspected 366 Ice cream stores inspected 24 Dairies inspected 9 Bakehouse inspections . 8 .Factories and workshops 119 Appointments and interviews with property owners 238 Number of complaints received 14 Water samples taken for analysis 6l Rat infestation (premises inspected) 813 Moveable dwellings , 204 Refase collection 85 Petroleam installations inspected 77 RESULTS OF ABOVE INSPECTIONS AND ACTION TAKEN Informal notices served 54 Statutory notices served - Public Health Act, 1936 Nil Housing Act, 1936 Nil Mil Statutory notices complied with - Public Health Act Nil Housing Act Nil Nil No. of representations made with view to making Demolition Orders 34 No. of Demolition Orders made under Sec.11 Housing Act,1936 6 Clearance Order confirmed (No. of properties) Nil No. of houses demolished by owners following Demolition Orders or Written Undertakings 2.3 No. of houses demolished by owners following Clearance Orders Nil No. of houses demolished by owners voluntarily 5 Demolition Orders determined and Closing Orders made under Sec.3(2)(c) Housing Act, 1949 Nil Unfit houses closed 1. Under sections l6(4),17(l) and 35(1) H.A.1957 ) 2. Under sections 17(3) and 26 II.A. 1957 ) 34 No. of houses in respect of which undertakings not to use for human habitation have been cancelled 4 No. of houses erected (permanent) 127 No. of houses erected (temporary) Nil Closing Orders determined (Housing Act, 1949) Nil No. of Council Houses completed Houses 46 Flats 8 54 PROGRESS IN SLUM CLEARANCE LURING I960 Total Total Proper- Houses Houses Houses Houses Listed No. of No. of ties demo- sub ject Sub ject made Cat. 5 Houoei 3lis ted down- lished to demo- to fit houses Cat, 5 graded in lition under- still proper to Cat 1961 Orders cr takings to be ties 5 in Closing 31.12 .61 deal t 1961 1961 Orders 31.12.61 frith Abberton 64 1 1 Nil Nil Nil Nil 1 Aldham 108 2 Nil Nil Nil 2 Nil Nil Bergholt, West 468 18 Nil 3 3 7 2 8 Birch 226 11 Nil 3 4 3 Nil 4 Boxted 386 7 Nil Nil 3 1 Nil 3 Chappel 127 4 Nil Nil 3 1 Nil Nil Colne ? Wakes 120 5 Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil 5 Copford 254 4 Nil 5 Nil Nil 1 4 Dedham 573 25 1 11 6 Nil 8 Donyland,East 503 19 2 Nil 9 4 Nil 6 Eight Ash Gn 275 7 Nil Nil 2 3 Nil 2 Pingringhoe 204 13 Nil Nil 4. 2 2. 7 Fordham 124 Nil Nil 1 Nil Nil Nil Nil Horkesley Gt. 340 13 Nil 1 4 1 Nil 8 Horkesley Lt. 53 Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Langenhoe 68 3 Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil 3 Langham 258 10 1 Nil 2 2 Nil 6 Layer Breton 69 8 1 Nil 5 2 Nil 1 Layer-de-la- 283 11 1 Nil 1 3 Nil 7 Ha ye Layer Marney 66 2 Nil Nil Nil 2 Nil Nil Mersea,East 81 1 Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil 1 Messing-cam- 102 9 Nil 1 6 2 Nil 1 Inworth M t.Bure s 52 2 Nil Nil 2 Nil Nil Nil Peldon 133 12 Nil 2 5 Nil Nil 7 Salcot 61 2? Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil 2 S t anway 718 7 Nil 2 1 2 2 4 Tey, Gt. 158 6 Nil 1 2 3 Nil 1 Tey, Marks 333 14 Nil Nil 3 5 Nil 6 Tiptree 1017 10 Nil 5 3 Nil Nil 7 Virley Wigborough Gt. 13 66 Nil 6 Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil “T J Nil 1 Nil Nil Nil 2 and Lt. Wormingford 103 8 1 4 2 Nil 2 7406 240 7 28 80 54 _ 7 106 i HOUSING The table on page 11 gives details of unfit houses in individual parishes. Steady progress waff maintained in dealing with the Slum Clearance programme. 34 houses were dealt with following representation under the Housing Act, 1957. 34 unfit houses were vacated during the year. The number of families rehoused from unfit houses into Council Houses was 20,mainly jn new houses erected at Rowhedge. This was a marked decrease on the previous year. At the end of the year 86 unfit houses remained occupied - a decrease of 26 on the previous year. 28 unfit houses were demolished and 7 were made fit. There are 80 houses subject to Demolition Orders or Closing Orders which have not yet been demolished. Some of these properties are rapidly deteriorating and a few have • become thoroughly dilapidated. It may therefore be necessary for the Council to demolish some of these properties and recover the cost from the respective owners. 181 new dwellings were completed in the district during the ye ar. There was continued interest in the improvement of existing properties with the aid of improvement grants and 59 properties were modernised with grant aid during the year. DETAILS OF HOUSES AND CIVIL IA N POPUP/ TION SUPPLIED WITH MAINS WATER Est No. of Direct to House From standpipes Civi lian Popn Houses Ho. of House ? Est. s Popr % Popn No. of Houses Est. Popn % Popn Abber ton 194 64 59 178 91.5 4 13 6.7 Aldham 343 108 100 318 92.8 4 13 3.8 Bergholt West 1351 468 , 387 1120 82. 6 45 130 9.6 Birch 638 226 ' 210 593 93.0 14 39 6.1 Boxted 1130 386 338 990 87.5 7 21 1.9 Chappel 363 127 106 303 83.5 16 46 12.7 Colne, Wakes 471 120 78 306 65.0 25 98 20.8 Copford 80 6 254 238 755 93.5 9 28 3.5 Dedham 1735 573 495 1498 86.3 40 121 7.0 Donyland5East 1412 503 492 1381 97.7 10 28 1.98 Bight Ash Gn. 835 275 2.36 717 86.0 30 91 10.9 Fingringhoe 605 204 190 564 93.3 10 30 5.0 Fordham 387 124 96 301 77.5 11 35 9.2 Horkesley, Gt. 1059 340 293 913 86.0 21 65 6.1 Horkesley, Lt. 276 53 43 223 80.7 2 10 3.6 Lange nlioe 213 68 66 207 97.2 2 6 2.8 Langham 777 258 205 618 7Q. 5 1 3 0.4 Layer Breton 215 69 60 187 87.0 8 25 11.6 Layer-de-la- Haye 887 283 250 783 89.0 23 72 8. 2 Layer Marney 195 66 65 192 98.5 1 3 1.0 Mersea, East 260 81 65 209 80.7 3 10 3.9 | Messing-cum- Inworth 324 102 100 318 98.5 2 6 1.5 ! Mount Bures 161 52 46 143 89.0 — — Peldon 404 133 123 374 92.5 9 27 7.1 Salcot 179 61 48 141 79.0 12 35 19.5 St an way 2353 718 682 2238 95.0 29 93 4.0 Tey, Gt. 475 158 141 425 89.2 14 41 8.8 Tey, Marks 997 333 280 840 86.0 40 120 12.3 Tiptree 3011 1017 97 6 2887 99.5 20 56 1.9 Virley 38 13 12 35 92.1 1 3 7.9 Wigborough, Gt. and Lt. 221 66 55 184 83.3 8 27 12.2 Wormingford 325 103 84 265 81.5 11 34 10.7 2: 2,642 7406 6619 20206 89.3 432 1329 5.9 SANITARY CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE AREA WATER On April 1st the Colchester and District Water Board became responsible for the supply of water throughout the district except for the parish of Dedham which continues to be supplied by the Tendring Hundred Waterworks Co. Ltd. The Water Board continues to operate four sources of supply sited within the district at Mount Bures, Tiptree, Abberton and Ea.st Donyland. Hie supply,of water has been satisfactory throughout the year. The Quality of the water is satisfactory although the supplies from the Abberton and East Donyland boreholes contain a high content cf fluoride. Whilst a fluoride content of one part per million is held to be beneficial in preventing dental caries the water from the Abberton boreholq which is known to contain 4.7 parts per million fluoride-gls liable to cause mottling of the enamel of teeth. Per this reason it is still hoped that some method may be devised for diluting this water to bring the fluoride content to an acoeptable level. Mains water supply is available in all parishes in the district and ninety-five per cent of the population are supplied with mains water. However, this still leaves a fair number who obtain their water supply from wells, some of which are known to be polluted. The cost of extending mains supply to isolated cottages is heavyp and the Council consider each application.for extension of mains supply as they are required to guarantee a fixed income to the Water Board on the capital expense incurred. ABBERTON AND DISTRICT WATER SUPPLY The normal supply is chlorinated and bacteriologically is very good; chemically it contains a high proportion of salt and 4.0 parts per million of fluoride. The number of samples taken for examination was:- No.l bore Chemical and Bacteriological 1 No.l bore Bacteriological 2 No.2 bore Chemical and Bacteriolgical 1 No.2 bore Bacteriological 6 A typical analysis of the water is appended. CHEMICAL RESULTS IN PARTS PER MILLION Appearance Clear and bright Colour Nil jdH 7.9 Electric Conductivity 2900 Chlorine present as Chloride 720 Hardness Total 110 Carbonate 110 Nitrate nitrogen 0.6 Ammoniacal nitrogen 0.39 Albuminoid nitrogen 0.000 Metals Iron, zinc, copper and lead - absent Turbidity "Nil Odour Nil Free carbon dioxide' 7 Alkalinity as Calcium carbonate 350 Non-carbonate 0 Nitrite nitrogen appO.GL Oxygen absorbed 0.65 Residual chlorine 0.10 Fluoride (f) 4.8 Dissolved solids 1820 BACTERIOLOGICAL RESULTS 1 day at 2 days at 3 hays at 370 c 37°c_ 20-22°C No. of colonies developing on Agar ~ per ml - per ml - per ml Present in Absent from Probable No. Presumptive coliform reaction - ml - ml . r. per 100 rriL Bact. coli (Type l) - ml - ml peife 100ml Cl.welchii reaction - ml - ml This sample is clear and bright in appearance, has a reaction on the alkaline side of neutrality and is free from metals. The hardness of the water is very moderate; the high content of mineral and saline constituents is typical of this source. The water conforms to the highest standard of organic quality. These results indicate a water which, from the aspect of the chemical analysis, is wholesome in character. Its high content of saline constituents is likely to be noticeable to some consumers, particularly if they are not accustomed to this supply. Its content of fluorine is considerably higher than is considered desirable from the aspect of causing mottled enamel. TIPTREE WATER SUPPLY This is a chlorinated supply. The quality of the water is satisfactory. It contains 0.7 parts per million of fluoride. The number of samples taken for examination was:- No.l bore No.2 bore No.2 bore Chemical and bacteriological Chemical and bacteriological Bateriololqgical A typical analysis is appended 1 5 CHEMICAL RESULTS IN PARTS PER MILLION Appearance Bright with few particles Turbidity less than 3 Colour Nil pH 7.3 Electric conductivity 925 Chlorine present as chloride Hardness Total 235 Nitrate nitrogen 0,3 Ammoniacal nitrogen 0.000 Albuminoid nitrogen 0.000 Metals Iron 0.08 Zinc, copper and lead: Odour Nil Free carbon dioxide 28 Dissolved solids 615 124 Alkalinity as Calcium carbonate 290 Carbonate 235 Non-carbonate 0 Nitrite nitrogen absent Oxygen absorbed 0.15 Residual chlorine absent absent Fluoride: 0.7 BACTERIOLOGICAL RESULTS 1 day at 2 days at 3 days at 37° C 37 °C_2Q-22°C No. of colonies developing on Agar - per ml - per ml - per ml Present in Absent from Probable No. Presumptive coliform reaction - ml - ml - per 100 ml Bact.coli (Type l) - ml - ml per 100 ml Cl.welchii reaction - ml - ml This sample is practically clear and bright in appearance, neutral in reaction and free from metals apart from a minute trace of iron. The water is hard in character but its hardness and its content of mineral and saline constituents are not considered excessive. It conforms to the highest standard of organic quality. These results indicate a water which, from the aspect of the chemical analysis, is pure and wholesome in character and suitable for drinking and domestic purposes. COLNE AND STOUR VALLEY WATER SUPPLY This supply is chlorinated and softened. The quantity and quality of this supply is satisfactory. It contains 0.3 parts of fluorine per million. The number of samples taken for examination was:- Chemical and bacteriological 1 Bacteriological 6 A typical analysis is appended. CHEMICAL RESULTS IN PARTS PER MILLION Appearance Bright with few particles Colour 17 £H 7.9 Electric conductivity 725 Chlorine present as Chloride 46 Hardness Total 355 Carbonate Nitrate nitrogen 2.7 .Ammoniacal nitrogen 0.036 .Albuminoid nitrogen 0. 046 Metals Iron, zinc, copper and lead: Turbidit.y less than 3 Odour Nil Free carbon dioxide 6 Dissolved solids 515 Alkalinity as Calcium Carbonate 260 2.6o Non-carbonate 95 Nitrite nitrogen less than 0.01 Oxygen absorbed 1.5 Residual chlorine absent absent Fluorine 0.3 BACTERIOLOGICAL RESULTS 1 day at 2 days at 3 days at 37°C 37°C 20-22°C No. of colonies developing on Agar - per ml Present in Presumptive coliform reaction - ml Bast.coli (Type 1) - ml Cl.welchii reaction - ml - per ml - per ml Absent from Probable No. - ml - per 100 ml - ml - per 100 ml - ml This sample is practically clear and bright in appearance, has a reaction on the alkaline side of neutrality and is free from metals. The water is very hard in character but its hardness and its content of mineral and saline constituents in solution are not excessive. Its organic quality is very satisfactory. These results indicate a water which, from the aspect of the chemical analysis, is pure and wholesome in character and suitable for drinking and domestic purposes. EAST DONYLAND WATER. SUPPLY This is a chlorinated, supply limited, to the built-up area of the parish known as Rowhedge. Normally the supply is satisfactory in quantity and quality. It contains 3 parts of fluoride per million. The number of samples taken for examination was:- Ghemical and bacteriological 2. Bacteriological 4 A typical analysis is appended. CHEMICAL RESULTS IN PARTS PER MILLION Appearance Clear and bright Colour Nil m 7.7 Electric conductivity 2000 Chlorine present as Chloride 480 Hardness Total 150 Nitrate nitrogen 0 Carbonate .0 Ammoniacal nitrogen 0.59 Albuminoid nitrogen 0.000 Metals Iron: 0. 10 Zinc, copper and lead, absent Turbidj ty Nil Odour Nil Free carbon dioxide 13 Dissolved solids 1330 Alkalinity as Calcium Carbonate 340 150 Non carbonate 0 Nitrite nitrogen approx. 0.01 Oxygen absorbed 0.25 Residual chlorine absent Fluoride 3.1 BACTERIOLOGICAL RESULTS 1 day at 2 days at 3 days at 37°C 37 °C 20-22.°C • No. of colonies developing on Agar - per ml - per ml - per ml Present in Absent from Probable NoI Presumptive coliform reaction - ml - ml - per 100 ml Bact.coli (Type I) - ml - ml - per 100 ml Cl.welchii reaction - ml - ml - per 100 ml This sample is clear and bright in appearance, has a reaction on the alkaline side of neutrality and is free from metals apart from a minute trace of iron. The hardness of the water is very moderate and its somewhat high content of mineral and saline constituents is not considered excessive. It conforms to the highest standard of organic quality. These results indicate a water which, from the aspect of the chemical analysis, is pure and wholesome an character and suitable for drinking and domestic purposes. SEWERAGE The villages of Tiptree, Stanway, Dedham, West Bergholt, Rowhedge and Eight Ash Green are provided with sewers. Sewage Disposal Works are provided at Tiptree, Dedham, West Bergholt and Eight Ash Green. The sewage from Stanway and Rowhedge is discharged into the Colchester Corporation sewerage system. In general much of the subsoil in this area is dense clay which makes subsoil drainage impossible. This gives rise to Considerable nuisance from pollution in ditches and streams from overflowing cesspools and sink waste water. In addition new housing development is proceeding apace. Considerable progress was made during the year in the provision of sewers. Work proceeded on the ^opford, Marks Tey and Stanway (West) scheme*, the second stage of the Eight Ash Green Aldham scheme was nearing completion. Schemes were prepared for the provision of sewers at Gt.Tey, Fordham, Stanway Green and Aldham Church area. Work is about to commence on these schemes. Schemes for the provision of sewers at Great Horkesley and Chappel and Wakes Colne were submitted for the approval of the Ministry of Housing and Local Government. Work is in hand On the preparation of schemes for the parishes of Fingringhoe, Abberton, Langenhoe and Peldon. FOOD-PREMISES ' The majority of food premises are owner occupied and the owner is directly responsible for the running of the premises. During the year routine inspection was made of food premises and 182 premises were inspected. The standards of construction and hygiene were found to be satisfactory in most cases. Informal action was taken to remedy defects found. SLAUGHTERHOUSE ACT, 1958 At the end of the year two private slaughterhouses which serve individual butchers were in use. One had been extensively improved to comply with the slaughterhouse construction regulations and plans were submitted for the improvement of the other. MEAT .AND OTHER POODS Pood shops, bakeries and other places where food is prepared have been inspected at regular intervals. CARCASES i'\ND OFFAL INSPECTED Aid) CONDEMNED IN WHOLE OR IN PART DURING 1961 Cattle exluding Cows Cows Calves Sheep and Lambs Pigs Ilorse s Number killed 208 - 174 252 - Number inspected 208 - - 174 252 — All disease except Tubercul osis and cystercerci | , Whole carcases comdemned - ( — — — - Carcases of which some part or organ was condemned 22 — — 3 15 - Percentage of the number inspected affected with disease other than tuberculosis and cystercerci 10.5 - — 1.7 5.9 — Tuberculosis only hli cfe carcases condemned Carcases of which some part or organ was co nde mned - - — — k — Percentage of the No.inspected affect with tuberculosis ed - : — - — 1. 6 — Cysticercosis Carcases of which some part or organ was condemned — - — — — - Carcases submitted , to treatment by refrigeration — — - — - - Generalised and totally condemned — — — - - - FACTORIES ACT, 1937 Inspections have been made at the various factories and defects observed have been remedied. The following table give details of the work done. Inspections for Purposes of Provisions as to Health (including inspections made by Public Health Inspectors) PREMISES No. On Register Number of Inspections (Written Notices Occupiers Prosecuted (i) Factories in which sections 1,2,3,4 and 6 are to be enforced by the Local Author: - ) 23 Lty 22 Nil Nil (ii) Factories mot included in (i) in which section 7 i.§ 1 85 enforced by the local authority 74 1 Nil (iii) Other premises in v/hici- sec t ion 7 is enforced by the local authority (excluding outworkers’ premises) l 17 23 Nil Nil TOTAL 125 119 1 Nil Cases in which defects were found Particulars No. of cases in which defects webe found No. of cases in which prosecutions were instituted Found Remedied Referr< To H.M. Inspector id By HM Inspe tor Want of cleanliness 2 2 Nil Nil Nil Overcrowding Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Unreasonable temperature Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Inadequate ventilation ! 1 Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil contd.overleaf Gases in which defects were found (contd) Particulars No. of cases in which defects were found No.of cases in which • prosecutions were instituted Found Remedied Re fer To H.M, Inspector red By H.M. Inspec. Ineffective drainage of floors Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Sanitary conveniences (a) Insufficient Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil (b) Unsuitable or defective 3 3 Nil 2. Nil (c) not separate for sexes 1 1 Nil Nil Nil Other offences against the Act (not including Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil offences relating to outwork TOTAL 4 4 Nil 2 Nil OUTWORK Nature of work Section 110 Section 11 .1 No. of outworkers in Aug. list No. of cases cf default in sending lists to the Council No. of prosecutions fop ;failure to supply lists No. of instances of wort in some somepremises Noticee served . Prosecutions Wearing apparel Making etc. 22 Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Furniture & uphols tery 1 — — — — - TOTAL 2.3 Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil